Biografía Vladimir Lenin

Vladimir Lenin
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Vladimir Ilyich Lenin Владимир Ильич Ленин |
|
Lenin in 1920 |
Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union
(Premier of the Soviet Union) |
In office
30 December 1922 – 21 January 1924 |
Preceded by | Position created |
Succeeded by| Alexei Rykov |
Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Russian SFSR |
In office
8 November 1917 – 21 January 1924 |
Preceded by | Position created |
Succeeded by | Alexei Rykov |
Member of the Politburo |
In office
25 March 1919 – 21 January 1924 |
In office
23 October 1917 – 7 November 1917 |
Personal details |
Born | Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (Владимир ИльичУльянов)
22 April 1870
Simbirsk, Russian Empire |
Died | 21 January 1924 (aged 53) (stroke)
Gorki, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union |
Resting place | Lenin's Mausoleum, Moscow, Russian Federation |
Nationality | Soviet
Russian |
Political party | Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
Russian Communist Party (bolsheviks) |
Spouse(s) | Nadezhda Krupskaya (married 1898–1924) |
Profession |Lawyer, revolutionary, politician |
Religion | None (atheist) |
Signature | |
Vladimir Ilyich Lenin (Russian: Владимир Ильич Ленин; IPA: [vlɐˈdʲimʲɪr ɪlʲˈjitɕ ˈlʲenʲɪn] ( listen); born Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov, Russian: Владимир Ильич Ульянов; 22 April [O.S. 10 April] 1870 – 21 January 1924) was a Russian communist revolutionary, politician and political theorist. He served as the leader of theRussian SFSR from 1917, and then concurrently as Premier of the Soviet Union from 1922, until his death. Politically a Marxist, his theoretical contributions to Marxist thought are known as Leninism, which coupled with Marxian economic theory have collectively come to be known as Marxism–Leninism.
Born to a wealthy middle-class family in Simbirsk, Lenin gained an interest in revolutionary leftistpolitics following the execution of his brother in 1887. Briefly attending the University of Kazan, he was ejected for his involvement in anti-Tsarist protests, devoting the following years to gaining a law degree and to radical politics, becoming a Marxist. In 1893 he moved to St. Petersburg, becoming a senior figure within the League of Struggle for the Emancipation of the Working Class.Arrested for sedition and exiled to Siberia for three years, he married Nadezhda Krupskaya, and fled to Western Europe, living in Germany, England and Switzerland. Following the February Revolution of 1917, in which the Tsar was overthrown and a provisional government took power, he returned home.
As the leader of the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, he took a seniorrole in orchestrating the October Revolution in 1917, which led to the overthrow of the Russian Provisional Government and the establishment of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. Immediately afterwards, Lenin proceeded to implement socialist reforms, including the transfer of estates and crown lands to workers' soviets. Faced with thethreat of German invasion, he argued that Russia should immediately sign a peace treaty—which led to Russia's exit from the First World War. In 1921 Lenin proposed the New Economic Policy, a system of state capitalism that started the process of industrialisation and recovery from the Russian Civil War. In 1922, the Russian SFSR joined former territories of the Russian Empire in becoming theSoviet Union, with Lenin as its leader. The Bolshevik faction later became the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, which acted as a vanguard party presiding over a single-party dictatorship of the proletariat.
After his death, Marxism–Leninism developed into a variety of schools of thought, namely Stalinism, Trotskyism and Maoism. Lenin remains a controversial and highly divisive world figure....