Codigos Nc

Programming

1

Programming
For the Fanuc 0T controller

Axes convention

X Axis

Z Axis

Absolute and Incremental co-ordinates
In the absolute programming, the end point of a motion is programmed with reference to the program zero point. In incremental programming, the end point is specified with reference to the current tool position. X 50
N2

20 0,0 30 50

N1

ZAbsolute traverse to N1, then to N2 X20.0 Z50.0 X50.0 Z30.0 Absolute traverse to N1, incremental to N2 X20.0 Z50.0 U30.0 W-20.0

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Programming

1

Programming
For the Fanuc 0M controller

Axes convention
The tool can be moved to any position in a 3 dimensional cartesian co-ordinate system. The Z axis is along the spindle axis. The X and Yaxes are perpendicular to Z.

VMC (Vertical Machining Center)

+ Z + X -X + -Y -Z +X +Z +Y

Y -

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2

HMC (Horizontal Machining Center)

+ Y X + Z +

Z

Y

Part X Machine table

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CNC Milling

Programming

3

List of G-codes
G-code G00 G01 G02 G03 G04 G20 G21 G28G30 G40 G41 G42 G43 G52 G54 G55 G56 G57 G58 G59 G74 G76 G80 G81 G82 G83 G84 G85 G86 G87 G90 G91 G94 G95 G98 G99 Function Positioning rapid traverse Linear interpolation (feed) Circular interpolation CW Circular interpolation CCW Dwell Inch unit Metric unit Automatic zero return 2nd reference point return Tool nose radius compensation cancel Tool nose radius compensation left Tool nose radiuscompensation right Tool length compensation Local co-ordinate system Work co-ordinate system 1 selection Work co-ordinate system 2 selection Work co-ordinate system 3 selection Work co-ordinate system 4 selection Work co-ordinate system 5 selection Work co-ordinate system 6 selection Left hand tapping cycle Fine boring cycle Canned cycle cancel Drilling cycle Drilling cycle with dwell Peck drillingcycle / deep drill Tapping cycle Boring / Reaming cycle Boring cycle Back boring cycle

Absolute command Incremental command
Feed per minute Feed per revolution Return to initial point in canned cycle Return to R point in canned cycle

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Programming

4

List of M codes
M codes vary from machine to machine depending on the functionsavailable on it. They are decided by the manufacturer of the machine. The M codes listed below are the common ones.
M-codes M00 M01 M02 M03 M04 M05 M06 M07 M08 M09 M19 M30 M98 M99 Function Optional program stop automatic Optional program stop request Program end Spindle ON clock wise (CW) Spindle ON counter clock wise (CCW) Spindle stop Tool change Mist coolant ON (coolant 1 ON) Flood coolant ON(coolant 2 ON) Coolant OFF Spindle orientation End of program, Reset to start Sub program call Sub program end

There are other M-codes for functions like gear change, pallet change, pallet clamp / unclamp, door open / close etc.

Absolute and Incremental co-ordinates
In the absolute programming , the end point of a motion is programmed with reference to the program zero point. In incrementalprogramming, the end point is specified with reference to the current tool position.

Y 50
N2

20 0,0
Absolute traverse to N1, then to N2 G90 X20.0 Z50.0 X50.0 Z30.0 Absolute traverse to N1, incremental to N2 G90 X20.0 Z50.0 G91 X-20. Y30

N1

30

50

X

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CNC Milling

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5

G00 Rapid traverse
When the tool being positioned at apoint preparatory to a cutting motion, to save time it is moved along a straight line at Rapid traverse, at a fixed traverse rate which is pre-programmed into the machine's control system. Typical rapid traverse rates are 10 to 25 m /min., but can be as high as 80 m/min. Format N_ G00 X__ Y__Z__

G01 Linear interpolation (feed traverse)
The tool moves along a straight line in one or two axis...