Configuring Snmp Support
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Publicado: 8 de enero de 2013
Configuring SNMP Support
This chapter describes the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), SNMP MIBs, and how to configure SNMP on Cisco devices. For a complete description of the router monitoring commands mentioned in this chapter, see the “SNMP Commands” chapter in the Release 12.2 Cisco IOS Configuration Fundamentals Command Reference. To locate documentation of other commands thatappear in this chapter, use the Cisco IOS Command Reference Master Index or search online. For further information about using SNMP, see the SNMP Technical Tips area on Cisco.com at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/477/SNMP/snmp-indx.html. To identify hardware or software image support for a specific feature, use Feature Navigator on Cisco.com to search for information about the feature or refer to thesoftware release notes for a specific release. For more information, see the “Identifying Platform Support for Cisco IOS Software Features” section in the “About Cisco IOS Software Documentation” chapter. This chapter contains the following sections:
• • • •
Understanding SNMP SNMP Configuration Task List SNMP Configuration Examples New MIB Features in Cisco IOS Release 12.2
UnderstandingSNMP
SNMP is an application-layer protocol that provides a message format for communication between SNMP managers and agents. SNMP provides a standardized framework and a common language used for the monitoring and management of devices in a network. The SNMP framework has three parts:
• • •
An SNMP manager An SNMP agent A MIB
The SNMP manager is the system used to control and monitor theactivities of network hosts using SNMP. The most common managing system is called a Network Management System (NMS). The term NMS can be applied to either a dedicated device used for network management, or the applications used on such a device. A variety of network management applications are available for use with SNMP. These features range from simple command-line applications to feature-richgraphical user interfaces (such as the CiscoWorks2000 line of products).
Cisco IOS Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide
FC-301
Configuring SNMP Support Understanding SNMP
The SNMP agent is the software component within the managed device that maintains the data for the device and reports these data, as needed, to managing systems. The agent and MIB reside on the routingdevice (router, access server, or switch). To enable the SNMP agent on a Cisco routing device, you must define the relationship between the manager and the agent. The Management Information Base (MIB) is a virtual information storage area for network management information, which consists of collections of managed objects. Within the MIB there are collections of related objects, defined in MIB modules.MIB modules are written in the SNMP MIB module language, as defined in STD 58, RFC 2578, RFC 2579, and RFC 2580 (see the “MIBs and RFCs” section for an explanation of RFC and STD documents). Note that individual MIB modules are also referred to as MIBs; for example, the Interfaces Group MIB (IF-MIB) is a MIB module within the MIB on your system. The SNMP agent contains MIB variables whose valuesthe SNMP manager can request or change through Get or Set operations. A manager can get a value from an agent or store a value into that agent. The agent gathers data from the MIB, the repository for information about device parameters and network data. The agent can also respond to manager requests to Get or Set data. Figure 14 illustrates the communications relationship between the SNMP managerand agent. A manager can send the agent requests to get and set MIB values. The agent can respond to these requests. Independent of this interaction, the agent can send unsolicited notifications (traps or informs) to the manager to notify the manager of network conditions.
Figure 14 Communication Between an SNMP Agent and Manager
Getting and setting MIB values
S3097
SNMP manager
Sending...
This chapter describes the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), SNMP MIBs, and how to configure SNMP on Cisco devices. For a complete description of the router monitoring commands mentioned in this chapter, see the “SNMP Commands” chapter in the Release 12.2 Cisco IOS Configuration Fundamentals Command Reference. To locate documentation of other commands thatappear in this chapter, use the Cisco IOS Command Reference Master Index or search online. For further information about using SNMP, see the SNMP Technical Tips area on Cisco.com at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/477/SNMP/snmp-indx.html. To identify hardware or software image support for a specific feature, use Feature Navigator on Cisco.com to search for information about the feature or refer to thesoftware release notes for a specific release. For more information, see the “Identifying Platform Support for Cisco IOS Software Features” section in the “About Cisco IOS Software Documentation” chapter. This chapter contains the following sections:
• • • •
Understanding SNMP SNMP Configuration Task List SNMP Configuration Examples New MIB Features in Cisco IOS Release 12.2
UnderstandingSNMP
SNMP is an application-layer protocol that provides a message format for communication between SNMP managers and agents. SNMP provides a standardized framework and a common language used for the monitoring and management of devices in a network. The SNMP framework has three parts:
• • •
An SNMP manager An SNMP agent A MIB
The SNMP manager is the system used to control and monitor theactivities of network hosts using SNMP. The most common managing system is called a Network Management System (NMS). The term NMS can be applied to either a dedicated device used for network management, or the applications used on such a device. A variety of network management applications are available for use with SNMP. These features range from simple command-line applications to feature-richgraphical user interfaces (such as the CiscoWorks2000 line of products).
Cisco IOS Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide
FC-301
Configuring SNMP Support Understanding SNMP
The SNMP agent is the software component within the managed device that maintains the data for the device and reports these data, as needed, to managing systems. The agent and MIB reside on the routingdevice (router, access server, or switch). To enable the SNMP agent on a Cisco routing device, you must define the relationship between the manager and the agent. The Management Information Base (MIB) is a virtual information storage area for network management information, which consists of collections of managed objects. Within the MIB there are collections of related objects, defined in MIB modules.MIB modules are written in the SNMP MIB module language, as defined in STD 58, RFC 2578, RFC 2579, and RFC 2580 (see the “MIBs and RFCs” section for an explanation of RFC and STD documents). Note that individual MIB modules are also referred to as MIBs; for example, the Interfaces Group MIB (IF-MIB) is a MIB module within the MIB on your system. The SNMP agent contains MIB variables whose valuesthe SNMP manager can request or change through Get or Set operations. A manager can get a value from an agent or store a value into that agent. The agent gathers data from the MIB, the repository for information about device parameters and network data. The agent can also respond to manager requests to Get or Set data. Figure 14 illustrates the communications relationship between the SNMP managerand agent. A manager can send the agent requests to get and set MIB values. The agent can respond to these requests. Independent of this interaction, the agent can send unsolicited notifications (traps or informs) to the manager to notify the manager of network conditions.
Figure 14 Communication Between an SNMP Agent and Manager
Getting and setting MIB values
S3097
SNMP manager
Sending...
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