CSD Traduccion Esp II 1

Cuestionario, Noam Chomsky y Definiciones
Alejandro Huayllani Ayma

Traducción Especializada II
Profesora Lorena Rojas Larrondo

Cuestionario
1. How would you define „Linguistics‟?
Linguistics is the study of human language. Knowledge of linguistics is different from knowledge of
language.
2. What are linguists interested in? What do they study?
They are interested in internal structure of alanguage. They study the grammar of a language with
their social and psychological aspects, their use and relationship among languages.
3. There are three different schools of thought within formal linguistics. Name the three of them and
explain in what way they differ from one another.
Traditional linguistics: Study of traditional grammar and familiar terms like nouns, adjectives,
complements andpart of speech.
Structural linguistics: Study of phonology, morphology, and syntax. They exclude meaning from the
study of language. They are focused on linguistics forms and their arrangement.
Transformational-Generative Grammar: Like structural linguistics studies, generative include
meaning in the study of a language with the relationship between “deep” structures of meaning and
“surface”structure of linguistics forms actually used by the speaker.
4.

Define and provide a complete definition of the following terms:
Phonetics: Phonetics is the study of language sounds and their physical properties. Describes how
speech sounds are produced by vocal apparatus and provide a framework of their classification;
 Speech synthesis: Mechanical means of the sounds produced in human language.
Speech recognition: The developing capacity of computers to comprehend spoken input.
Phonology: Concerned with the analysis and description of meaningful sounds uttered on the
production of human language and how those sounds function in different languages
(pronunciation).
Morphology: The study of word structure, their minimal meaning unit (morphemes) and investigate
possible combination of theseunits in language to form words.
Syntax: The study of sentence structure. Syntacticians describe how words combine into phrases
and clauses and how these combine to for sentences.
Semantics: The study of meaning in language. Their goal is explain how sequences of language
matched with their proper meanings and placed in certain environments by speakers of language.
Sociolinguistics: The study oflanguage as a social and cultural phenomenon. Study of language
variation and social interaction.
Language variation: Relationship between the use of linguistics forms, geography and certain social
categories, such as social class, ethnic group, age, sex, occupation, function and style;
 Idiolect: Particular and idiosyncratic manner of speech.
 Dialect: Variety of language shared by a group ofspeakers.

Cuestionario, Noam Chomsky y Definiciones
Alejandro Huayllani Ayma

Traducción Especializada II
Profesora Lorena Rojas Larrondo

5. There are three subfields of sociolinguistics. Investigate name and explain three of them.
Pragmatics: Studies the ways in which context contributes (effects) to meaning, their context function
about phrases and sentences.
Discourse analysis: Examines the wayin which sentences are combined in larger linguistics units such
as conversational changes or written texts.
Ethnography of communication: Uses the tools of anthropology to study verbal interaction in its social
setting.
6. What‟s the meaning of psycholinguistics? What do they study? Name and explain them.
Psycholinguistics or psychology of language is the study of the psychological andneurobiological
factors that enable humans to acquire, use, comprehend and produce language.

Sobre Noam Chomsky
Avram Noam Chomsky (Filadelfia, Estados Unidos, 7 de diciembre de 1928) es un lingüista, filósofo y
activista estadounidense. Propuso la gramática generativa, disciplina que situó la sintaxis en el centro de la
investigación lingüística. Con esta cambió la perspectiva, los programas y métodos de...