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London
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This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. For other uses, see London (disambiguation).
London |
From upper left: City of London, Tower Bridge and London Eye, Palace of Westminster |
London region in the United Kingdom |
Coordinates: 51°30′26″N 0°7′39″W / 51.50722°N 0.1275°W /51.50722; -0.1275Coordinates: 51°30′26″N 0°7′39″W / 51.50722°N 0.1275°W / 51.50722; -0.1275 |
Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
Constituent country | England |
Region | London |
Ceremonial counties | City and Greater London |
Districts | City and 32 boroughs |
Settled by Romans | as Londinium c. AD 43 |
Headquarters | City Hall |
Government |
 - Regional authority | Greater LondonAuthority |
 - Regional assembly | London Assembly |
 - Mayor of London | Boris Johnson |
 - UK Parliament
 - London Assembly
 - European Parliament | 74 constituencies
14 constituencies
London constituency |
Area |
 - London | 1,572.1 km2 (607 sq mi) |
Elevation[1] | 24 m (79 ft) |
Population (July 2010 est.)[2] |
 - London | 7,825,200 |
 - Density | 4,978/km2 (12,892/sq mi)|
 - Urban | 8,278,251 |
 - Metro | 12,300,000 to 13,945,000 |
 - Demonym | Londoner |
 - Ethnicity
(June 2007 estimates)[3] | Ethnic groups[show] * 69.0% White * 57.7% White British * 2.4% White Irish * 8.9% White Other *   * 3.5% Mixed * 1.0% Black Caribbean & White * 0.5% Black African & White * 1.0% South Asian & White * 1.0% Other mixed *  * 13.3% South Asian * 6.6% Indian * 2.4% Pakistani * 2.3% Bangladeshi * 2.0% Other South Asian *   * 10.6% Black * 4.3% Black Caribbean * 5.5% Black African * 0.8% Other Black *   * 3.5% East Asian or Other * 1.5% Chinese * 2.0% Other |
Time zone | GMT (UTC±0) |
 - Summer (DST) | BST (UTC+1) |
Postcode areas | E , EC , N , NW , SE , SW , W , WC ,BR , CR , DA , EN , HA , IG , KT , RM , SM , TN , TW , UB, WD |
Area code(s) | 020, 01322, 01689, 01708, 01737, 01895, 01923, 01959, 01992 |
Website | london.gov.uk |
London (i/ˈlʌndən/) is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures.[note 1] Located on the RiverThames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who called it Londinium.[4] London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its square-mile medieval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, the name London has also referred to the metropolis developed around this core.[5] The bulk of this conurbation forms the Londonregion[6] and the Greater London administrative area,[7][note 2] governed by the elected Mayor of London and the London Assembly.[8]
London is a leading global city, with strengths in the arts, commerce, education, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, professional services, research and development, tourism and transport all contributing to its prominence.[9] It is the world's largestfinancial centre alongside New York City[10][11][12] and has the largest city GDP in Europe.[13] It has the most international visitors of any city in the world[14] and London Heathrow is the world's busiest airport by number of international passengers.[15] London's 43 universities form the largest concentration of higher education institutions in Europe.[16] In 2012 London will become the firstcity to host the modern Summer Olympic Games three times.[17]
London has a diverse range of peoples, cultures and religions and more than 300 languages are spoken within its boundaries.[18] In July 2010 Greater London had an official population of 7,825,200, making it the most populous municipality in the European Union.[2][19] The Greater London Urban Area is the second-largest in the EU with...