enve
Palabras clave: envejecimiento, transición demográfica, MéxicoAbstract
The epidemiologic and demographic transitions have resulted in demographic aging of the Mexican population, increasing the absolute number and percentage of the elderly population. While in 1990, 3.1 million of persons were 65 and older constituting 3.7% of the country's population, these figures are projected to be 15.2 million and 11.7% by 2030. The growing demands on health care thatthis process involves will e ntered on chronic and degenerative diseases and disabilities. Existing information indicates hat health conditions and disabilities have greater incidences after the age of 75, and that they occur earlier and have more impact on the female population. Information about mortality organized by causes shows that the oldest population is also xperiencing a transition fromcommunicable to non-communicable diseases. These shifts have been observed in recent decades and they continue to occur. The degree of progress depends upon the economic and social situation; thus, changes are as diverse and heterogeneous as the socio-economic conditions within the nation. In any case, the advancing aging process and its relationship with diseases and disabilities points outnecessary adjustments within the health system. New circumstances are brought into existence by an increasing importance of morbidity and co-morbidity, creating a need for modification of the models for clinic and hospital care, and the realization that the family maintains its central role as the main resource and care giver for the elderly.
Key words: aging; demographic transition; MexicoSolicitud de sobretiros: Mtro. Roberto Ham Chande. El Colegio de la Frontera Norte, Departamento de Estudios en Salud Pública. Boulevard Abelardo L. Rodríguez 2925, Zona del Río, 22320 Tijuana, Baja California, México.
Introducción
Al igual que en el resto del mundo, en México se experimenta un proceso de envejecimiento demográfico caracterizado por el aumento en números absolutos y porcentuales dela población en edades avanzadas. En este trabajo se presentan algunas de las características cuantitativas de este proceso en su pasado y su situación actual, así como lo que se espera de ello en el futuro. De estas cifras se desprende la importancia creciente del envejecimiento, el cual acarrea una serie de necesidades y demandas de salud, con sus peculiaridades centradas en enfermedades...
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