Extraccion De Adn Animal

Unit 4 - Internal and External forces The Lithosphere
A. Earth’s Structure: Earth Inside and Out
Objective: Describe earth’s structure and the forces that created it. TEKS: 3B, 4BC, 8ABC, 9A, 19AB,21ABC, 22ABCD, 23A 1. What are the 3 main layers of earth and what does each consist of? (The core is made up of iron and nickel; the mantle has several layers and can give rise to magma; the crustis a thin layer of rock.)

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Lithosphere – the solid crust of the planet which includes rocks and soil; forms Earth’s continents, islands, and ocean floors.

Unit 4 – Internal/External ForcesPage 1 of 3

as of May 2007

B. Internal Forces Shaping the Earth
Objective: Identify the physical processes inside the earth that build up land. (Identify the type of movement and thelandforms they create.) 1. Define: a. Divergent boundary – plates move apart or spread. b. Convergent boundary – plates collide with each other, causing one plate to either dive under or ride up over theother plate. c. Transform boundary – plates slide past each other. d. Folds - places where rocks have been compressed into bends by colliding plates. e. Faults - places where rock masses have been broken.f. Earthquake – sudden shakings of Earth’s crust that take place when tectonic forces cause masses of rock inside the crust to break. g. Epicenter – the point on the Earth’s surface that is directlyabove the point where an earthquake or other underground explosion originates h. Richter Scale – measures earthquake intensity i. Seismograph – measures the size of waves created by an earthquake. j.Tsunami – a giant wave in the ocean 2. What is the theory of plate tectonics and how do they move? (The theory explains how forces within the planet create landforms. The enormous pieces of theEarth’s crust move by spreading; subduction; collision; sliding past each other in a shearing motion.) 3. What causes earthquakes? (The grinding and slipping of plates along the faults.) 4. Where do most...