Glosary

Appendix 1 |
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Glossary of terms (subject specific) |
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Affordance | Affordances are the ways in which objects imply their use through their physical form, for example a saucer affords a cup or a handle a hand. |
Alignment: Ranged left, ragged (or unjustified) right | A style of setting type in which the type aligns left, creating a hard left vertical edge and remains ragged orunjustified on the right. The lines of type are set with equal inter-word spacing, resulting in irregular line lengths. Type is set to a determined measure or length. The ragged edge is determined by the number of words that will fit on each line. In text that is unhyphenated a word that is too long to fit on the line will be taken over to the next line, a resulting gap is left at the end of theprevious line. Judicial use of word breaks are usually necessary, especially on technical setting with longer words and over smaller measures. This style of setting is more commonly found in asymmetric design. |
Alignment: Ranged right, ragged (or unjustified) left | This style aligns the type right, creating a hard right vertical line leaving the left edge ragged or unjustified. Not asimmediately readable as left aligned text, especially when more than a few lines are set. |
Alignment: Centred | A style of setting type that involves a central axis. It is a style most associated with classical typography and is a characteristic of symmetrical design. Each line is centred one under the other, creating a ragged or unjustified edge on both the right and left sides of the type. The outlineshape of the lines of setting and the relative area it occupies is usually taken into account. |
Alignment: Justified | The setting of words to a pre-determined measure, where the left and right edges align. This is achieved by inserting a standard word space between each word in a line. Space is then added to or subtracted from this standard space to achieve a maximum number of words per line.Measures of more than 60 characters tend to be tiring to read and unless words are broken from time to time the word spacing tends to suffer. |
Analysis | Analysis is the methodical and detailed examination of the constitution and structure of a subject. This process commonly involves the separation of the item under investigation into its elemental parts. Analytical research often employs theuse of quantitative, qualitative and comparative methods to reveal the essence of a subject.Quantitative analysisQuantitative analysis is concerned with the measurement of data employing verifiable mathematical and statistical methods.Qualitative analysisQualitative analysis is concerned with the use of more subjective methods rooted in observation of human reaction and opinion. ComparativeanalysisComparative analysis measures comparison between subjects. |
Binding | The process by which pages are assembled and covers are fixed to the body of a book. Mechanical binding methods include comb binding and ring binding. Book binding methods include: case binding, section-sewn, side-sewn, perfect binding (adhesive, notched, dove-tail and burst) and saddle stitch (stapled). |
Chapter | Themain division in a book that signifies a key change in content. |
CMYK | The abbreviation of the full or four colour printing process colours: Cyan (C), Magenta (M), Yellow (Y) and Black or Key (K). Black is referred to as key as it provides the key or guide for the register of the other three process colours. Cyan is a special shade of blue. Magenta is a special shade of red (pink inappearance). |
Coated and uncoated stock | Alternatively know as art paper in the UK. The surface of the paper has a mineral covering, such as china clay, applied. This coating allows for inks to ‘sit’ on the surface of the paper rather than being absorbed. Coated paper is ideal for reproduction of half-tone images. The surface has a smooth finish to the touch. Uncoated papers don’t have such a coating...