Ingles

Simple Present/Present Simple
Use
1) repeated actions
My friend often draws nice posters.

2) things in general
The sun rises in the East.

3) fixed arrangements, scheduled events
The plane flies to London every Monday.

4) actions in the present - one follows after the other
First I get up, then I have breakfast.

5) instructions
Open your books at page 34.

6) with specialverbs
I understand English.

Signal words
every day, often, always, sometimes, never

Form
infinitive (3rd person singular he, she, it: infinitive + -s)

Examples
Affirmative sentences:
I read books. | My brother reads books. |
We sing pop songs. | She sings pop songs. |
I play handball. | John plays handball. |
Negative sentences:
You must not negate a full verb in English. Alwaysuse the auxiliary do for negations.
I |   | like | computers. |
I | don't | like | computers at all. |

My friend |   | likes | computers. |
My mum | doesn't | like | computers at all. |
Questions:
Use the auxiliary do.
Do you play football?
Does he play football?

Simple Present - Signal words
These words tell you what tense you have to use. For the Simple Present these areadverbs of frequency:
always
often
usually
sometimes
seldom
never
Other phrases of time can occur, like:
every day
every week
every year
on Mondays
after school
Form of the Simple Present
We use the infinitive of the verb. In the 3rd person Singular (he, she, it - or a name) we put an -s to the end of the infinitive.
infinitive - 3rd person Singular (he, she, it) infinitive + -sAffirmative sentences:
I/we/you/they play football.
He/she/it plays football.
NOTE: he, she, it - Do not forget the -s.

Negative sentences:
We use the auxiliary do.
I/we/you/they do not play football.
He/she/it does not play football.
NOTE: We often use short forms in negative sentences in the Simple Present:
I/we/you/they don't play football.
He/she/it doesn't play football.

Questions:Do I/we/you/they play football?
Does he/she/it play football?
Spelling
Be careful with some words when using the 3rd person singular.
1) verbs ending in a sibilant [s] [z] [ʃ] [ʒ] [ʧ] [ʤ] or verbs ending in -o preceded by a consonant
We add -es to the infinitive.
Examples:
I watch - he watches
I pass - he passes
I go - he goes
I do - he does

2) verbs ending in -y
verbs ending in 'y'preceded by a vowel (a, e, i, o, u): Add -s.
Example:
I play - he plays
verbs ending in 'y' preceded by a consonant: Change 'y' to 'i' and add 'es'.
Example:
I hurry - he hurries
Special verbs in the Simple Present
1) have as a full verb |
affirmative sentence | negative sentence | question |
I, we, you, they: |
I have a book. | I do not have a book. | Do I have a book? |
he,she, it: |
He has a book. | He does not have a book. | Does he have a book? |

2) be as a full verb |
affirmative sentence | negative sentence | question |
I am from Britain. | I am not from Britain. | Am I from Britain? |
he, she, it: |
He is from Britain. | He is not from Britain. | Is he from Britain? |
we, you, they: |
We are from Britain. | We are not from Britain. | Are wefrom Britain? |
We often use the short forms with this verb.
3) do as a full verb |
affirmative sentence | negative sentence | question |
I, we, you, they: |
I do an exercise. | I do not do an exercise. | Do I do an exercise? |
he, she, it: |
He does an exercise. | He does not do an exercise. | Does he do an exercise? |

4) modal auxiliaries can, could, may, must, need, will etc. |affirmative sentence | negative sentence | question |
every time regardless the subject (I, he, she, it, we, you, they): |
I can play tennis. | I cannot play tennis. | Can I play tennis? |
NOTE:
We can subtitute don't (can't) for do not (cannot).
Modals have the same form every time regardless the subject. We do not add an -s to the infinitive.
Diagram
We use the Simple Present when we...