La Presidencia, Liderando La Nación.

SCHOOL OF INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS


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THE PRESIDENCY: LEADING THE NATION




English VII 1-A






June 27th, 2011






Introduction




George W. Bush was started to sink in the polls. The economy was weakening and the president was being criticized for not doing enough to help the unemployed. All of that change after September 11, 2011. The terrorist attackson the World Trade Center and the Pentagon led Americans to rally around their president, particularly after he delivered a stirring speech in which he committed the United States to a war on terrorism. The Bush history is but one in the saga of the ups and downs of the modern presidency. When Nixon and Johnson was in the presidency they led to talk about “the imperial presidency” an office sopowerful that constitutional checks and balances were no longer an effective constraint on it. After the Watergate scandal during in the Ford and Carter’s presidencies, the watchword was “the imperiled presidency”, and office too weak to meet the nation’s demands for executive leadership. Reagan’s policy successes before 1986, renewed talk heard in the Roosevelt and Kennedy years of a “heroicpresidency”, an office that is an inspirational center of Americans politics. The American Presidency is always a central office in that its occupant is a focus of national attention. Presidential power is conditional. It depends on the president’s own abilities, but even more on the circumstances- or whether the situation demands strong leadership and whether the political support for that leadershipexists. When conditions are favorable, the president will seem powerful. When conditions are adverse, the president will seem vulnerable.
This report presents the characteristics of the presidency in the United States as a lead position and a contrast with Salvadorian presidency.














THE PRESIDENCY: LEADING THE NATION


FOUNDATIONS OF THE MODERN PRESIDENCY
Comparedwith article 1 article 2 of the constitution contains relatively vague statements on the president’s power. This constitutional ambiguity gives presidents “wide latitude in defining their presidential duties”. Over the course of American history, each of the president’s constitutional powers has been extended in practice beyond the Framers’ intention. For example the constitution grants the presidentcommand of the nation’s military, but only Congress can declare war. The constitution also empowers the president to act as diplomatic leader with the authority to receive ambassadors and the power to initiate diplomatic relations with other nations. The Constitution also vests “executive power” in the president. This power includes the responsibility to execute the laws faithfully and to appointmajor administrators, such as heads of the various departments of the executive branch. Finally, the Constitution provides the president with legislative authority, including use of the veto and the opportunity to recommend proposal to Congress. The presidency is a more powerful office than the Framers envisioned for many reasons, but two features of the office in particular – national electionand singular authority – have enable presidents to make use of changing demands on government to claim the position of leader of the American people.
In the case of El Salvador articles from 150 to 171 specifies the regulation of the president’s functions and actions. Specifically article 168 mentions the powers of the president among there are the power to lead foreign affairs, to make treatieswith other nations and to execute laws.

Asserting a Claim to National Leadership
The first president to forcefully assert to claim a popular leadership was Andrew Jackson, who had been swept into office in 1828 on a tide of public support that broke the hold of the upper classes on the presidency. There was a conception of the presidency, the Whig theory, which held that the presidency was a...