Mecanica Clasica

a clasicaClassical Mechanics
Second Edition

Greiner Quantum Mechanics An Introduction 4th Edition Greiner Quantum Mechanics Special Chapters Greiner Müller Quantum Mechanics Symmetries 2nd Edition Greiner Relativistic Quantum Mechanics Wave Equations 3rd Edition Greiner Reinhardt Field Quantization Greiner Reinhardt Quantum Electrodynamics 4th Edition Greiner Schramm Stein QuantumChromodynamics 3rd Edition Greiner Maruhn Nuclear Models Greiner Müller Gauge Theory of Weak Interactions 4th Edition

Greiner Classical Mechanics Systems of Particles and Hamiltonian Dynamics 2nd Edition Greiner Classical Mechanics Point Particles and Relativity Greiner Classical Electrodynamics Greiner Neise Stocker Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics

Walter Greiner

Classical MechanicsSystems of Particles and Hamiltonian Dynamics

With a Foreword by D.A. Bromley

Second Edition With 280 Figures, and 167 Worked Examples and Exercises

Prof. Dr. Walter Greiner Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS) Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Ruth-Moufang-Str. 1 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany greiner@fias.uni-frankfurt.de

Translated from the German Mechanik: Teil 2, byWalter Greiner, published by Verlag Harri Deutsch, Thun, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, © 1989

ISBN 978-3-642-03433-6 e-ISBN 978-3-642-03434-3 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-03434-3 Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York
Library of Congress Control Number: 2009940125 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1992, 2010 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or partof the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use mustalways be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: eStudio Calamar S.L.,Spain Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Foreword

More than a generation of German-speaking students around the world have worked their way to an understanding and appreciation of the power and beauty of modern theoretical physics—with mathematics, the most fundamental of sciences—using Walter Greiner’s textbooks as theirguide. The idea of developing a coherent, complete presentation of an entire field of science in a series of closely related textbooks is not a new one. Many older physicians remember with real pleasure their sense of adventure and discovery as they worked their ways through the classic series by Sommerfeld, by Planck, and by Landau and Lifshitz. From the students’ viewpoint, there are a great manyobvious advantages to be gained through the use of consistent notation, logical ordering of topics, and coherence of presentation; beyond this, the complete coverage of the science provides a unique opportunity for the author to convey his personal enthusiasm and love for his subject. These volumes on classical physics, finally available in English, complement Greiner’s texts on quantum physics,most of which have been available to Englishspeaking audiences for some time. The complete set of books will thus provide a coherent view of physics that includes, in classical physics, thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, classical dynamics, electromagnetism, and general relativity; and in quantum physics, quantum mechanics, symmetries, relativistic quantum mechanics, quantum electro- and...