Mooody
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.6 0.8 1
2
4
6
8 10
20
40
60
100
200
400
600
1000
2000
4000 6000
10000|____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ |
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VD" for atmospheric air at 60°F
2
|
−1
10
4
|
Laminar
flow
9
6
|
8
|
10
|
20
|
→ Critical ←
40
|
60
||
100
|
200
|
→←
Transition zone
400
|
600
|
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1000
|
2000
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4000
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6000
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10000
|
20000
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40000 60000
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100000
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Completeturbulence, rough pipes, R > 3500/r ; 1/√f = 1.14 − 2 log r
zone
0.07
8
0.06
0.05
0.045
0.04
7
0.035
6
0.03
0.025
5
0.02
0.0175
0.015
4.5
0.0125
4
0.010.008
3.5
0.006
3
0.004
f = 64/R
0.003
2.5
0.002
0.0015
Material
Rivited steel
Concrete
Wood stave
Cast iron
Galvanized iron
Asphalted cast iron
Commercial steel
orwrought iron
Drawn tubing
2
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
εε (ft)
0.003−0.03
0.001−0.01
0.0006−0.003
0.00085
0.0005
0.0004
ν (ft /sec)
Water
Air (14.70 psia)
10
0.0006
Smoothpipes, r = 0
1/√f = 2 log(R √f ) − 0.8
0.0004
0.0002
0.0001
2
Fluid at 60°F
−2
0.001
0.0008
Colebrook equation, R ≥ 2300
1/√f = −2 log(r /3.7 + 2.51/(R √f ))
0.00015
0.0000051.217e−005
1.580e−004
Relative roughness r = ε/D
Darcy−Weisbach friction factor f = 2hDg/(LV 2)
5.5
r = 5e−006
A = πD2/4; V = Q/A = 4Q/(πD2)
h = f LV 2/(2Dg) = 8f LQ2/(π2D5g)5e−005
9
2e−005
r = 1e−006
1e−005
8
678
3
10
2
3
Moody Diagram
4
5 6 78
4
10
2
3
4
5 6 78
5
10
2
3
4
5 6 78
6
2
10...
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