NOCARDIA

V SIMPOSIO INTERNACIONAL EN BIOLOGÍA DE
NOCARDIAE (NOCARDIA 2013)
(NOCARDIA’2013)
VI SIMPOSIO INTERNACIONAL DE MICETOMA

TH

5 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE
BIOLOGY OF NOCARDIAE
6

th

INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON MYCETOMA

V CONFERENCIA INTERNACIONAL SOBRE BIOLOGÍA DE NOCARDIAE
Abril 23-26, 2013

V INTERNACIONALCONFERENCE ON BIOLOGY OF NOCARDIAE
April 23-26, 2013

VIInternational Symposium on Mycetoma

April 27, 2013

Toluca, México

LIBRO DE MEMORIAS

ABSTRACTS BOOK

CONFERENCIAS Y MESAS REDONDAS

LECTURES AND ROUND TABLES

Nocardiosis in patient with Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection
Boiron Patrick
Lyon1 University, UMR CNRS 5557 Microbial Ecology - French Observatory of Nocardiosis - Lyon,
France
E- mail : patrick.boiron@univ-lyon1.frDespite the ubiquity of Nocardia spp. in the environment and the profound cellular
immunodeficiency induced by HIV infection, this organism remains a rare cause of morbidity and
mortality in persons infected with HIV in North America and Europe.

The question is to know if the prevalence does not suffer from an underestimation.
Epidemiological data on the prevalence of AIDS-associatednocardiosis are scarce from other
world area but Nocardia complicating AIDS appears to be most common in other countries, where
it has a prevalence of approximately 4%.

The reason for this apparently low prevalence of HIV-associated nocardiosis is unclear and
probably multifactorial. Since the clinical and radiological manifestations are non-specific, and the
microbiological diagnosis is oftendifficult, it seems likely that, in some patients, pulmonary
nocardiosis will be mistaken for other infections, such as tuberculosis and bacterial pneumonia.
This apparently low prevalence of HIV-associated nocardiosis could be also related to a protective
effect of co-trimoxazole given for primary prophylaxis of fungal or parasitic infections.
It has also been suggested that the dysfunction incell-mediated immunity is probably not a
sufficient condition for the establishment of nocardial infection.

Finally, the wide use of highly active antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients since 1996
could also explain the lower incidence of nocardiosis observed in the last years.In conclusion, the
routine prophylactic use of sulfonamides, the non-specific nature of the clinical andradiologic
features, the difficulty in microbiological diagnosis, the under-reporting of cases and the wide use
of active antiretroviral therapy could contribute to the low reported incidence of HIV-related
nocardiosis.

Identification of aerobic actinomycetes from a reference laboratory
perspective-1973 to today
June Brown
CDC, Atlanta

The Aerobic Actinomycetes Reference Laboratory(ARL) is part of but separate from the Special
Bacteriology Reference Laboratory at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This
laboratory has provided federal reference services primarily to 50 state and territorial public
health laboratories as well as international laboratories worldwide for nearly 40 years. Although a
dramatic change has developed in these years, the key role ofthe clinical laboratory is to identify a
microorganism as accurately and rapidly as possible. Both the new molecular and traditional
phenotypic methodologies remain key to the characterization of an organism: both depend on a
visual observation of colonial and microscopic morphology.

Emphasis will be placed on major highlights in technologies and how these technologies changed
fromprocedures based on phenotypic characterization to procedures based primarily on
molecular analyses; consequently, the time required to identify an organism was reduced from 5-6
weeks to 1 week. Also, emphasis will be placed on the need for a sound taxonomy on which all
applications of molecular techniques are dependent on for success. Finally, I will discuss the
clinical laboratory ‘s venture into...