Public Health (Outline)

Out Line

Alexandria Pagán

UNE

PUHE 101

Workshop Two

Professor: Carmen G. Rodríguez

September 14, 2011

I. Public Health
A. Problems and Limits of a EpidemiologyB. Statistic: Making Sense of Uncertainty
C. The Role of Data in Public Health
D. The “Conquest” of Infectious Diseases
E. The Resurgence of Infectious Diseases

II.Problems and Limits of Epidemiology
A. Studying Humans
1. Impossible to control human behavior
B. Source of Error
1. Random variation, due to chance
2. Confoundingvariable
3. Bias “Systematic error”
C. Proving Cause and Effect
1. Studies with large numbers of subjects
2. A strong measure of association between exposure and disease3. Relationship
D. Epidemiology studies of Hormone Replacement Therapy
1. Estrogen supplement
2. Increase risk

III. Statistic: Making Sense of Uncertainty
A.Uncertainty of Science
1. Not enough data
2. Data is too ambiguous
B. Probability
1. P. Value
2. Confidence Interval
C. Statistic of Screening Test
1. Screen populationat risk
D. Rates and Other Calculated Statistics
1. Birth rates
2. Death rates
3. Fertility rates
4. Infants Mortality rates
5. Maternal Mortality rates

IV.The “Conquest” of Infectious Diseases
A. Infectious Agents
1. Bacteria
2. Viruses
3. Parasites
B. Means of Transmission
1. Aerosols
i. Cough
ii. Sneeze2. Touch
i. Door Knobs
ii. Utensils
iii. Towels
C. Chain of Infection
1. Pathogen
2. Reservoir
3. Method of Transmission
4. Susceptible Host

V. TheResurgence of Infectious Diseases
A. Aids (HIV)
B. Ebola virus
C. Monkey pox virus
D. Hanta virus
E. West Nile virus
F. St. Louis encephalitis virus
G. Influenza