Schaum's Outline Of Basic Electricity; Milton Gussow

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SCHAUM’S OUTLZNE OF

THEORY AND PROBLEMS
OF

BASIC ELECTRICITY

MILTON GUSSOW, M.S.
Senior Engineer Applied Physics Laboratory The Johns Hopkins University

McGraw-Hill
New York San Francisco Washington, D.C. Auckland Bogota Caracas Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan Montreal New Delhi San Juan Singapore Sydney Tokyo Toronto

To Libbie, Myra, and SusanMILTON GUSSOW is a senior engineer at Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. He received his B.S. (1949) from the U.S. Naval Academy, his B.S.E.E. (1956) from the U.S. Navy Postgraduate School, and his M.S. (1957) from Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He is an Adjunct Professor at American University and George Washington University where he teaches courses in mathematics andelkctrical engineering. Mr. Gussow was formerly Senior Vice President for Education at the McGraw-Hill Continuing Education Center. He is the author of over fifty technical papers.
Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems of BASIC ELECTRICITY
Copyright 0 1983 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the Copyright Actof 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a data base or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher.

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I S B N 0-03-025240-8
Sponsoring Editor, John Aliano Consulting Editor, Gordon Rockmaker Editing Supervisor, Marthe Grice Production Manager, Nick Monti

Library ofCongress Catalogjng in Publication Data

Gussow, Milton. Schaum’s outline of theory and problems of basic electricity. (Schaum’s outline series) Includes index. 1 . Electricity. I. Title. TK146.G974 1983 62 1.3‘02‘02 ISBN 0-07-025240-8

82-467 1

McGraw-Hill

A Division of 7 k - Mc#uw.Ha Companies

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Preface

This book is intended as a basic text to cover the fundamentals ofelectricity and electric circuits. It may be used by beginning students in high schools, technical institutes, and colleges who have no experience in electricity. Explanations and step-by-step solutions are deliberately detailed so that the text can stand alone. Thus it also may be used as a home-study or reference book. A knowledge of basic algebra and trigonometry is assumed. Designed to provide a broadand deep background in the nature of electricity and the operation and application of electric circuits, the text uses numerous and easy-tofollow examples accompanied by diagrams. Starting with the physics of electric current flow, the book describes and analyzes both direct-current and alternating-current electric circuits, generators and motors, transformers, and measuring instruments. To assurecorrelation to modern practice and design, illustrative problems are presented in terms of commonly used voltages and current ratings, covering circuits and equipments typical of those found in today’s electrical systems. There are several special features of this book. One is the use of the International System of Units (SI) throughout. A second is the prolific use of equation numbers forreference so that the reader will always know the source of each equation used. Other features include simplified ways to solve problems on three-phase transformer windings, series and parallel resonance, and RL and RC circuit waveforms. I wish to thank John Aliano, Gordon Rockmaker, and Marthe Grice of the McGraw-Hill Book Company for their many constructive criticisms and continuing efforts to get thisbook published. MILTON Gussow

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CONTENTS

Chapter 20 ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS

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Basic Measuring Instruments ............................................. Ammeters .............................................................. Voltmeters ............................................................. Ohmmeters...