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@@1).The Chumash Indians were some of the first people to inhabit North America. Evidence was found, showing that they have had settlements on the Channel Islands and Santa Monica Mountains as far back as thousands of years ago.
Ironically, the Chumash are now a people without land to call their own, as most Chumash bands have not, with the exception of the Santa Ynez Samala band, yet made thelist of federally recognized tribes.
Once a thriving culture, the Chumash, as did other Native American tribes, succumbed to Spanish conquistadors and American colonists.
There were at one time over 20,000 Chumash living along the California coastline. The prehistoric and historic Chumash were a maritime culture, using long wooden canoes called tomols to fish and travel between different villagesalong the Pacific coast. The Chumash were a hunter-gatherer tribe, and even though they were sedentary, they did not farm the land.
The Chumash were physically and spiritually united with nature, and did not waste any part of any animal they killed, or any plant they pulled from the earth. They lived according to "nature's time", and believed that man's greed and desire for supremacy couldeventually lead to his downfall.
The Chumash were a matriarchal society, meaning their lineage was traced from the mother's side of the family, and that the Chief could be either a man or a woman. They were also considered to be the keepers of the Western Gate, and took this responsibility very seriously, which is probably why knowledge of their respect of nature is remembered as one of theirdefining traits.
The Chumash had a rich spiritual heritage, most of which has been documented through their magnificent pictographs and petroglyphs, songs, dances, and legends. The Chumash also enjoyed games and they often played against other tribes in friendly Shinny Hockey tournaments. In addition of sports, the Chumash also gambled, having developed several variation of dice games. Gaming was aseducational as it was entertaining, as it served to teach the yThe Chumash were also accomplished traders, and had a monetary system based on beads and seashells. They traded herbs, baskets, tools, and other artifacts with other tribes and bands, in the spirit of sharing as opposed to one of profiteering.
The Chumash lived by three basic laws which were:
1. Limitation; this meant each individualshould recognize and accept his or her limitations, and not envy those of others. This mean that each member of the tribe should be happy in their abilities, for they all had equal value in the community.
2. Moderation; take only what you need from the land and the ocean. Leave some for future days and future peoples. The same goes for your tasks; better to take your time than make a mistake whichwould render all your work useless.
3. Compensation; give without expecting anything in return, give from the kindness of your heart, and recognize the fact that compensation comes in many forms which are not always tangible.
The Chumash lived life in balance with nature, and they were ready for any situation they would encounter in their daily existence and their tasks. As a spiritual people,their view of death also echoed wisdom, believing it to be a natural part of life, bringing forth renewal and allowing the spirits of those who had departed to carry on within the living through songs, dance, art, and storytelling.
In closing, we would like to point out that over the past two years, we have created several websites celebrating the stories, culture, and heritage of variousNorth-American and South American Indian tribes; while we usually focus on the historical events which have defined each Nation, we thought that it would be best to approach the Chumash in a different way, focusing on their way of life and culture, rather than simply retelling tales of their social evolution and first contact with Invaders.
We have also chosen to do so because the Chumash were (and...