The Film History

English Working
“Film History”

Student | : | Camila Fernández Flores |
Teacher | : | Sr. Héctor |
Topic | : | “Film History” |
Subject | : | English |
Grade | : | 4° |
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Introduction

* Today is a topic of great interest to everyone because it has to meet our views on the cinema, as in any film is good filmmakers, that the viewer will divers are very nicealthough the forams that each country to produce their premieres. There is something for different tastes, in particular film is one of the most important inventions in history.











History of Film













Beginning of cinema
The history of film is the historical development of the mediumknown variously as cinema, motion pictures, film, or the movies.
The history of film spans over 100 years, from the latter part of the 19th century to the present day. Motion pictures developed gradually from a carnival novelty to one of the most important tools of communication and entertainment, and mass media in the 20th century and into the 21st century. Motion picture films have substantiallyaffected the arts, technology, and politics.
Precursors of film
Plays and dances had elements common to films- scripts, sets, lighting, costumes, production, direction, actors, audiences, storyboards, and scores. They preceded film by thousands of years. Much terminology later used in film theory and criticism applied, such as mise en scène. Moving visual images and soundswere not recorded forreplaying as in film.
In 1739 and 1748, David Hume published Treatise of Human Nature and An Enquiry concerning Human Understanding, arguing for the associations and causes of ideas with visual images, in some sense forerunners to the language of film.
Moving images were produced on revolving drums and disks in the 1830s with independent invention by Simon von Stampfer (Stroboscope) inAustria, Joseph Plateau(Phenakistoscope) in Belgium and William Horner (zoetrope) in Britain.
In 1877, under the sponsorship of Leland Stanford, Eadweard Muybridge successfully photographed a horse named "Sallie Gardner" in fast motion using a series of 24 stereoscopic cameras. The experiment took place on June 11 at the Palo Alto farm in California with the press present. The exercise was meant to determinewhether a running horse ever had all four legs lifted off the ground at once. The cameras were arranged along a track parallel to the horse's, and each camera shutter was controlled by a trip wire which was triggered by the horse's hooves. They were 21 inches apart to cover the 20 feet taken by the horse stride, taking pictures at one thousandth of a second.[5]

The second experimentalfilm, Roundhay Garden Scene, filmed by Louis Le Prince on October 14, 1888 in Roundhay, Leeds, West Yorkshire, England, UK is now known as the earliest surviving motion picture.
On June 21, 1889, William Friese-Greene was issued patent no. 10131 for his 'chronophotographic' camera. It was apparently capable of taking up to ten photographs per second using perforated celluloid film. A report on the camerawas published in the British Photographic News on February 28, 1890. On 18 March, Friese-Greene sent a clipping of the story to Thomas Edison, whose laboratory had been developing a motion picture system known as theKinetoscope. The report was reprinted in Scientific American on April 19.[6] Friese-Greene gave a public demonstration in 1890 but the low frame ratecombined with the device's apparentunreliability failed to make an impression.
As a result of the work of Etienne-Jules Marey and Eadweard Muybridge, many researchers in the late 19th century realized that films as they are known today were a practical possibility, but the first to design a fully successful apparatus was W. K. L. Dickson, working under the direction of Thomas Alva Edison. His fully developed camera, called...