Wjwjsxzz

Participles and Participial phrases
A participle is a verbal that is used as an adjective and most often ends in -ing or -ed. Since they function as adjectives, participles modify nouns or pronouns.There are two types of participles: present participles and past participles. Present participles end in -ing. Past participles end in -ed, -en, -d, -t, -n, or -ne as in the words asked, eaten,saved, dealt, seen, and gone.
1. The crying baby had a wet diaper.
2. Shaken, he walked away from the wrecked car.
3. The burning log fell off the fire.
4. Smiling, she hugged thepanting dog.

A participial phrase is a group of words consisting of a participle and the modifier(s) and/or (pro)noun(s) or noun phrase(s) that function as the direct object(s), indirectobject(s), or complement(s) of the action or state expressed in the participle, such as:
Removing his coat, Jack rushed to the river.

Gerunds
A gerund is a verbal that ends in -ing and functions as anoun. Since a gerund functions as a noun, it occupies some positions in a sentence that a noun ordinarily would, for example: subject, direct object, subject complement, and object of preposition.
Gerundas subject:
5. Traveling might satisfy your desire for new experiences. (Traveling is the gerund.)

Gerund as direct object:
* They do not appreciate my singing. (The gerund issinging.)

Gerund as subject complement:
* My cat's favorite activity is sleeping. (The gerund is sleeping.)

Gerund as object of preposition:
* The police arrested him for speeding. (Thegerund is speeding.)
A gerund phrase is a group of words consisting of a gerund and the modifier(s) and/or (pro)noun(s) or noun phrase(s) that function as the direct object(s), indirect object(s), orcomplement(s) of the action or state expressed in the gerund, such as:
The gerund phrase functions as the subject of the sentence.
Finding a needle in a haystack would be easier than what we're...