Bachiller

RECENT HOUSING SOLUTIONS IN GUAYAQUIL AS PART OF THE DEVELOPMENT PLAN OF THE CITY

I. Introduction
Guayaquil, the capital of Guayas province, is the most inhabited city of the Republic of Ecuador, with about 2’350.915 inhabitants according to the INEC (Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censo), due to the last census in 2010. The city has a large population density amounts to 2473inhabitants/ km2. For several decades, the rate of natural population growth in the city exceeds the housing development and provision of basic services and according to the Ministry of Housing and Urban Development in June /2011 the city housing deficit is of 200 000 houses. During the last few years housing solutions in Guayaquil as part of the development plan of the city has been: the urban developmentplan in accordance to the population trends, housing solutions made in the city and solutions for residential housing and buildings.
II. Urban development plan and population trends
A. Municipal development plan : Comprehensive plan
In the context of this thesis, the reference to the Urban Development Plan covers the topics of housing, roads, boundaries and scope, which are revised to meetthe physical and technical framework of housing solutions.
Guayaquil’s Urban Development Plan, issued by the Municipality of Guayaquil, dating from 2000, but then in 2004 and 2007, were emitted specific orders to incorporate issues of Land and Infrastructure Planning and Transportation. In 2007 were included urban expansion areas of Canton Guayaquil rural parishes Pascuales y Chongón, withspecific limits and expanded regulations for environmental conservation.
The Urban Development Plan aims to regulate in a flexible manner, the physical growth of the City of Santiago de Guayaquil, channel development projects, and enforce guidelines for implementing a strategy of progressive succession, with environmental preservation. This document also announces the Urban Regulatory Plan of thecity. The Urban Development Plan incorporates current limits urban expansion areas to rural areas not covered before, they are:
The West:
* Aeropuerto Daular area.
* Limits with Playas canton.
On the Northwest:
* Embalse Chongón area.
* Colina de ​​Las Iguanas area.
For the North:
* The limits reach the Canal de Trasvase Río Daule - Embalse Chongón.
The Urban DevelopmentPlan, still in effect until 2020, emits all land use regulations, including limits, soil use, land technical specification, classifies new sectors in developable or not, and regulates types of buildings, roads, highways, transportation, waterways, etcetera.
B. Current trends in the development of the city by 2011.
Before analyzing the current trends of development of the city, you need tocheck population growth, according to statistics records of the INEC.
Year | Population |
1950 | 258.966 |
1962 | 510.804 |
1974 | 823.219 |
1982 | 1'199 .344 |
1990 | 1'570 .396 |
2001 | 2'039 .789 |
2010 | 2'350 .915 |

In these results it can be appreciated that the rate of population growth has been declining due to various factors, mainly economic. It is necessary to review itshistory, before analyzing current trends in housing development in the city:
Guayaquil is the largest and most populous city in Ecuador with an urban area which is among the largest cities in Latin America. It has the highest population density in Ecuador with an average annual rate of population growth of: 2.70%.The metropolitan area is 344.5 km ². It is among Ecuador's most important citiesfor its economy, elevated mass transit, population density and diversity. Due to its position as commercial center is called as the "economic capital". It is important to describe the migration that the city has had since 1960 to understand the formation of irregular land occupation or settlements in the urban area, called "invasions", which are closely related to population growth and housing...