Bachiller

Contrastive analysis is the study and comparison of two languages. For example, this can be comparing English with Latin or Basque with Iroquois. This is done by looking at the structuralsimilarities and differences of the studied languages. There are two central aims to contrastive analysis; the first is to establish the inter-relationships of languages in order to create a linguistic familytree. The second aim is to aid second language acquisition.
The idea of contrastive analysis grew out of observing students learning a second language. Each student or group of students tended torepeat the same linguistic mistakes as previous groups. This turned into an assumption that the mistakes were caused by the student’s first language interfering with the second. This interferencehappened because the student applied the first language’s rules to the second language, much in the same way children apply the rules of regular words to irregular ones.
Serious studies into contrastiveanalysis began with Robert Lado’s 1957 book, “LinguisticsAcross Culture.” Its central tenets and other observations on second language acquisition became increasingly influential in the 1960s and70s. It built upon ideas set out in linguistic relativity, also known as the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis, which believed that language structures affect cognitive thinking. This led to the automatictransferring of one language’s rules to another.
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