Ciencia

Selected Disorder Review - 300.20 Social Anxiety Disorder
Jose Solis
Southern Nazarene University














Diagnostic Features
According to the DSM-IV-TR (2000) the main feature of social phobia revolves around the possibility of embarrassment occurring in any given social or performance situation. (p. 450).
This fear of embarrassment seems to be the main driver behindthis particular disorder. The DSM-IV-TR manual is quick to highlight that many physiological symptoms such as sweating, shaking, nausea, and chest pain can result from a social situation and eventually lead to a panic attack. The key indicator when diagnosing of Social Phobia is the fear of being embarrassed in public circumstances or settings where performance is required. Social anxiety disordercan often interfere with a person’s academic and work performance.
Examples of social Circumstances:
• Being introduced into groups of new people
• Meeting people who have more power
• Dining or drinking in open places
• Interacting within small crowds
• Arriving at a gathering
• Being evaluated

Examples of social situations requiring performance:
• Acting
•Playing an instrument in front of a crowd
• Explaining a set of accounts to unfamiliar people
• Communicating displeasure
• Public speaking
With public speaking being perhaps one of the most feared social activities. The inability to create applicable verbal presentations can forecast second-rate advances in school and a profession. (Beidel, Turner, & Dancu, 1985) In today’s economy,this statement could not have been more relevant. Often this can lead to less job opportunities and eventually to a lower socioeconomic standard for the individual. It is important to note that clients under 18 years of age must have persistent symptoms for at least 6 months before they can be diagnosed with social phobia; perhaps the main reason may be void misdiagnosis. For instance, if a personis shy it doesn’t necessary means they are suffering from social phobia.
Therapist can also expect clients to have tendencies to avoid such social interactions from a person who is suffering from Social Phobia. School attendance is a major everyday social activity that can be heavily affected by Social Phobia is school attendance. Therapists often expect for people who suffer from social phobiato have poor school performance, and difficulties in completing the school year due to frequent dropouts. In terms of socioeconomic this condition keeps the client improving their purchasing power, and job instability. This can unleash a chain of traumatic ordeals in someone’s life. Some authors suggest that socially anxious individuals would have failed to acquire efficient social behavior andthat their anxiety and avoidance is partly a response to those deficits and to the resulting undesirable replies by others (Segrin, 2001; Segrin & Flora, 2000)
Associated Features and Disorders
Because of the degree of adjustment that causes Social Phobia, is not surprising for clients to acquire associated depressive symptoms and disorders. Likewise, depression and social phobia may arise froma common vulnerability. There seems to be some type relationship between the person’s hypersensitivity to criticism and circumstances where the client just tries to avoid being judged or evaluated. Major depression is commonly linked to Social Phobia. Social phobia effects can also spread through relatives of clients suffering experiencing Social Phobia. According to most of the findings, theorder of cause and effect can frequently be unclear. Depression can lead to social isolation, and social isolation can also lead to depression.
Prevalence
Epidemiological reports have reported a lifespan prevalence of Social Phobia fluctuating from 3% to 13% (American Psychiatric Association [DSM-IV-TR], 2000) Fear of public speaking still remains the most commonly reported fear, nonetheless,...