El Puesto Del Hombre En El Cosmos
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Reading Notes: Man's Place in the Cosmos by Max Scheler
(http://anthropology.rinet.ru/old/library/sheler8.htm)
Overviews of Scheler's Thought:
1) "Introduction" by W. Stark. In The Nature of Sympathy by Max Scheler
2)Schutz, Alfred. "Max Scheler's Epistemology and Ethics," I, II. In The Review of Metaphysics XI (1957‐1958), 304‐314, 486‐
501.
3) see also. J.M. Bochenski. Contemporary European Philosophy. Berkeley: U of California Press, 1956.
“In 1927 at a Conference in Darmstadt, near Frankfurt, arranged by Graf Keyserling, Scheler delivered a lengthy lecture, entitled
"Man's Particular Place" (Die Sonderstellung des Menschen), published later in much abbreviated form as Die Stellung des
Menschen im Kosmos [literally: "Man's Situation in the Cosmos"].” (http://www.maxscheler.com/ ‐ Manfred Frings)
• April 1927, Darmstadt bei der Tagung der Schule der Weisheit
2. Der Mensch als „Neinsagenkönner“ und „Asket des Lebens“ (M.Scheler)
Betrachtet man den Menschen im Kontrast zum Tier, lässt sich betonen: Der Mensch kann sich distanzieren z.B. von seinen Trieben oder von der Wirklichkeit (da er über sie nachdenken kann). Er
transzendiert die Wirklichkeit (er will seine Schranken durchbrechen und fragt immer weiter; Scheler
nennt dies auch „Weltoffenheit“) und kann seine Triebenergie sublimieren (Freud!). Entscheidendes
Moment der menschlichen Sonderstellung ist also der Besitz des Geistes. (http://fkg‐wuerzburg.de/schule/faecher/evrel/dokumente/Material%20Anthropologie/Sonderstellung%20des%20Menschen.pdf)
Notes from Man's Place in Nature:
Life in nature, life in man.
Translator's Introduction
Two Parts
1) Brief Biography and General Overview of Scheler’s Philosophy
2) Discussion of the Man’s Place in Nature
"a study of the nature of man in relation to his 'biological, psychological, ideological and social development.' This is what he meant
by a 'philosophical anthropology.' It was predicated upon the Hegelian thesis that history is the record of man's progressive self‐
consciousness." (trans. intro, xxiii‐iv)
Stages of psychic life:
1) an undifferentiated vital impulse or drive (xxvii)
a. no reflex arc, i.e., ecstatic
2) instinctual behavior (xxviii)
3)associative behavior or memory (Ibid.) – i.e., the habitual
3 & 4 arise out of 2
4) practical intelligence (xxix)
5) ideation
a. freedom transcending all conditions of nature (xxix‐xxx)
b. linkage: ideation and sublimation
"A spiritual act is an 'ascetic' act. It inhibits, deflects or lures the libido from its natural goals in order to acquire some vital energy for its own 'ideas.' Without the repressed energy withdrawn from 'life' in this process of sublimation the spirit is impotent and
inoperative. (xxxi‐xxxii)
Scheler, 1874‐1928
NOTES TO SCHELER'S TEXT: (nb: see my translation of TOC “)
Pages 3‐35
AUTHOR’S PREFACE
Questions that have dogged Scheler
• What is the human (der Mensch)?
Bob Sandmeyer, notes of Max Scheler's Man's Place in the Cosmos
•
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What is her place in being (in Sein)?
oNot “in the nature of things” (3)
“man is more of a problem to himself at the present time than ever before in all recorded history. At the very moment when man
admits that he knows less than ever about himself … there seems to to have arisen a new courage to truthfulness … to raise this
question of essence without any commitment to any tradition … that has prevailed up to now. (modified1 3)
THE PROBLEMATIC: THE IDEA OF THE HUMAN
Three irreconcilable answers to question: what is the human?
1) Theological anthropology: that of the Jewish‐Christian tradition
2) Philosophical anthropology: that of the Greek tradition
a. The human is defined by reason
i. Participant in a transcendental or superhuman reason
3)...
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