Entrevistas

SEMANA DEL 6 AL 10 OCTUBRE

Estilo indirecto o Reported speech 

El Estilo indirecto o Reported speech es una estructura que se emplea cuando queremos decir o hacer mención sobre algo que alguien ha dicho previamente.
Direct speech
(estilo directo) | Reported speech
(estilo indirecto) |
"I always drink coffee". She said. | She said that she always drank coffee. |
"Yosiempre bebo café." Ella dijo. | Ella dijo que ella siempre bebía café. |
Para hacer mención sobre lo que alguien ha dicho usamos verbos como explain, promise, say, tell, suggest... Aunque los más utilizados son say y tell.
No es necesario cambiar el tiempo del verbo si el verbo de la oración principal está en presente. En el ejemplo anterior podríamos decir: She said that she always drink coffee.Para introducir lo que ha dicho, usamos that aunque muchas veces se puede omitir esta palabra.

Al convertir una oración de "Direct Speech" a "Reported Speech" tenemos en cuenta que el verbo principal retrocede un tiempo verbal. 

Tabla de cambios que sufre el verbo:
Direct speech | | Reported speech |
present simple 
I am happy 
I sleep | | past simple
He said he was happy
Hesaid he slept |
present continuos
I am feeling happy
I am sleeping | | past continuos
He said he was feeling happy
He said he was sleeping |
past simple 
I was happy
I slept | | past perfect 
He said he had been happy 
He said he had slept |
present perfect 
I have been happy
I have slept | | past perfect
He said he had been happy 
He said he had slept |
present perfectcontinuos
I have been feeling happy
I have been sleeping | | past perfect continuos
He said he had been feeling happy
He said he had been sleeping |
future 
I will be happy
I will sleep | | simple conditional 
He said he would be happy
He said he would sleep |
future perfect
I will have been happy
I will have sleep | | simple conditional perfect
He said he would have been happy
He saidhe would have slept |
 
Verbos modales
Direct speech | | Reported speech |
CAN
I can sleep | | COULD
He said he could sleep |
MAY
I may sleep | | MIGHT
He said he might sleep |
WILL
I will sleep | | WOULD 
He said he would sleep |
MUST
I must sleep | | HAD TO
He said he had to sleep |
 
 Cambios que pueden sufrir algunas partículas de lugar y tiempo:
now | | at thatmoment, then |
tonight | | that night |
today | | that day |
last night | | the night before |
this morning | | that morning |
this week | | that week |
next week | | the following week |
next year | | the year after |
here | | there |
 
 Reported Speech: questions

En las oraciones interrogativas usamos el mismo orden gramatical: el sujeto va después del verbo pero noes necesario usar el auxiliar "do" o "did".
Direct speech | Reported speech |
"Where do Susan and Ann work? " | He asked me where Susan and Ann worked. |
"¿Dónde trabajan Susan y Ann?" | Él me preguntó dónde trabajaban Mary y Tom. |
 


Reported SpeechTAREAEJERCICIO
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Short-answer with Reported (Indirect) Speech
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1 | Where are you going?
He asked me... |
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2 | How did you do that?
They wanted to know... |
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3 | Who will come to the cinema with us?
They asked... |
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4 | Why are you so sad?
She asked me... |
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5 | What is the matter?They wondered... |
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6 | How could they be so impatient?
I wondered... |
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7 | Which compact disk are you taking with you?
I asked him... |
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8 | What am I to do?
He wondered... |
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9 | How do you know that?
I asked him... |
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10 | Are you enjoying yourself?
He asked me... |
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