Epic For Beowulf
* The main character or protagonist is heroically larger thanlife, often the source and subject of legend or a national hero
* The deeds of the hero are presented without favoritism, revealing his failings as well as his virtues
* The action, oftenin battle, reveals the more-than-human strength of the heroes as they engage in acts of heroism and courage
* The setting covers several nations, the whole world, or even the universe
* Theepisodes, even though they may be fictional, provide an explanation for some of the circumstances or events in the history of a nation or people
* The gods and lesser divinities play an activerole in the outcome of actions
* All of the various adventures form an organic whole, where each event relates in some way to the central theme
Typical in epics is a set of conventions (or epicmachinery). Among them are these:
* Poem begins with a statement of the theme ("Arms and the man I sing")
* Invocation to the muse or other deity ("Sing, goddess, of the wrath of Achilles")* Story begins in medias res (in the middle of things)
* Catalogs (of participants on each side, ships, sacrifices)
* Histories and descriptions of significant items (who made a sword orshield, how it was decorated, who owned it from generation to generation)
* Epic simile (a long simile where the image becomes an object of art in its own right as well as serving to clarify thesubject).
* Frequent use of epithets ("Aeneas the true"; "rosy-fingered Dawn"; "tall-masted ship")
* Use of patronymics (calling son by father's name): "Anchises' son"
* Long, formal...
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