Film Tourism: A Case Study Of "The Lord Of The Rings"

Máster en Dirección y Planificación del Turismo

ASIGNATURA: COMUNICACIÓN
PROFESIONAL Y ACADÉMICA EN
LENGUA INGLESA PARA TURISMO

FILM TOURISM: A CASE STUDY OF “THE LORD OF THE RINGS”

D. Ballester Hurtado

CONTENTS: 1. Introduction. 2. Important information before the case study. 2.1. The history of cinema and film. 2.2. The development of the tourism at the same time than cinema’sinvention. 2.2.1. Changes in working time and holidays. 2.2.2. Changes and development in transport. 2.2.3. Leisure as a necessity. 2.2.4. Tourist effects on tourism destinations. 2.3. Film effects on tourists. 3. Film tourism. New Zealand and ‘The Lord of the Rings’ case study. 3.1. Film Tourism definition. 3.1.1. Definition and explanation of ‘Film Tourism’. 3.1.2. Film as a Marketing tool inTourism. 3.2. Case study: ‘Lord of The Rings’ effects on New Zealand. 3.2.1. ‘Lord of The Rings’ trilogy and New Zealand. 3.2.1.1. 3.2.1.2. The trilogy. The location: New Zealand. 3.2.2. Tourism and ‘Lord of The Rings’ industry. 3.2.2.1. 3.2.2.2. 3.2.2.3. Information before, during and after filming. Products created since their filming. Trends and statistics. 4. Conclusion. 5. Bibliography andwebsites sources.



1. Introduction.

Why film causes growth on tourism? Nowadays films and media in general are motivational factors to begin a trip. Many times filming locations or derivative attractions of cinema become places of pilgrimage for fans and enthusiasts. Of course this type of tourism creates a high impact on location with an increase of visitors, effects on local community oralso income growth. Firstly we will talk about important information before Film Tourism, beginning with a brief film history and its contemporary history of tourism. Then we will discuss about film effects on tourist behaviour. Then we will talk about film-induced tourism giving definitions and interesting information of film as marketing tool and finally we will conclude with an example of thistype of tourism, the case of Lord of the Rings on New Zealand. The aim of this essay is to know more about Film Tourism, its causes and consequences on location and visitors giving at the end an interesting example of them.

2. Important information before the case study.

2.1. The history of cinema and film.

It is important to start this essay about ‘Film Tourism’ talking about the origins offilm industry and cinema. Briefly we are going to explain its origin and develop beginning by the invention of the machines and materials which make it possible. Cinema’s art is the result of the appearance of photography, movement of the image, projection screen and possibly the appliance of sound. Before the projector there were some precursors:

Magic Lantern: Invented in 1645 by AthanasiusKircher. Eidophusikon: Invented in 1781 by Philipe-Jacques de Loutherbourg Panorama: used between 1788 and 1863 and invented by Robert Baker. 2

Diorama: invented in 1822 by Louis-Jacques Daguerre. Thaumatrope: invented in Britain in Victorian times (1826) by John Ayrton Paris. Phenakistoscope: invented in Brussels (Belgium) in 1833 by Joseph Plateau, and at the same time was invented in Vienna(Austria) by Simon Stampfer. Zoetrope: invented in 1834 by William George Horner and it was improved in 1869 by James Clerk Maxwell (placing lenses in the slots). Praxinoscope: invented by Émile Reynaud in 1877. Zoopraxiscope: Eadweard Muybridge (1878) and Etienne-Jules Marey (1888). This is an important invent because it repeat photographies with animals or athlete's movements.

Zoopraxiscope,invented in 1878 and 1888.

In order to know the “fathers” or “creators” of the cinema, we does not forget to mention Thomas A. Edison, in USA and Louis Lumière in France. In one hand, Thomas Edison met Eadweard Muybridge (zoopraxiscope’s inventor) and he wanted to support Muybridge’ investigation about photography on movement through zoopraxiscope. Since this moment Edison and his assistants...