Fourier models for non-linear signal processing

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Signal Processing 76 (1999) 1}16

Fourier models for non-linear signal processing
Alba Pages-Zamora*, Miguel A. Lagunas `
TSC Department, Universitat Politecnica Catalunya (UPC), Modul D-5, Campus Nord UPC, c/ Gran Capita s/n. 08034 Barcelona, Spain % % % Received 10 November 1997; received in revised form 7 December 1998

Abstract This paper proposes a trigonometric functional extension,hereafter named the Fourier model, as an alternative framework to the Volterra approach for non-linear systems modelling. This work is focused on the general advantages that trigonometric functionals show in adaptive implementations and also on the possibility they provide to reuse well-known linear processing tools in a non-linear context. The performance of the Fourier model is compared in a setof simulations that cover companders for audio and radio frequency ampli"ers, probability density function (PDF) whitening and PDF estimation. 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. Zusammenfassung In diesem Artikel wird eine trigonometrische funktionelle Erweiterung } im Folgenden Fouriermodell genannt } als alternatives Grundgerust zum Volterra-Ansatz fur eine nichtlineareSystemmodellierung vorgeschlagen. Diese Arbeit K K Konzentriert sich sowohl auf allgemeine Vorteile, die trigonometrische Funktionen in adaptiven Realisierungen zeigen, als auch auf die Moglichkeit, bekannte lineare Verarbeitungswerkzeuge in einem nichtlinearen Zusammenhang wiederK zuverwenden. Die Leistungsfahigkeit des Fouriermodells wird in Simulation verglichen, wobei verschiedene AnwendunK gen wieKompander fur Audio- und Radiofrequenzverstarker, formge"lterte Wahrscheinlichkeitsdichtefunktion und K K Schatzungen von Wahrscheinlichkeitsdichtefunktionen abgedeckt werden. K 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. Resume H H Cet article propose une extension fonctionnelle trigonometrique, que nous appellerons ci-apres Modele de Fourier, H ` % comme etant un cadre de travail alternatif al'approche de Volterra pour la modelisation de systemes non-lineaires. Ce H ` H ` H travail est centre sur les avantages generaux que les fonctionnelles trigonometriques presentent dans des implementations H H H H H H adaptatives et egalement sur la possibilite qu'elles o!rent de reutiliser des outils bien connus de traitement lineaire dans H H H H un contexte non-lineaire. Les performances du modelede Fourier sont comparees dans un ensemble de simulations qui H ` H couvent des companders pour ampli"cateurs audio et radio, le blanchiment de fonctions de densite de probabilite (FDP) H H et l'estimation de FDP. 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Non-linear system modelling; Non-linear functionals; Fourier series; Volterra model; Probability density function estimate

*Corresponding author. Tel.: #34-3-401-7245; fax: #34-3-401-6447; e-mail: alba@gps.tsc.upc.es 0165-1684/99/$ } see front matter 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PII: S 0 1 6 5 - 1 6 8 4 ( 9 8 ) 0 0 2 4 3 - 6

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A. Pages-Zamora, M.A. Lagunas / Signal Processing 76 (1999) 1}16 %

1. Introduction Non-linear signal processing includes a wide range of applications where existinglinear processing tools fail to provide appropriate results. The search of a &suitable' functional extension in terms of the input signal is of paramount importance in the design of a non-linear system (NLS). The nonlinear models more widely reported are usually based on polynomial functional extensions, such as the Volterra model or the G-functional Wiener model [11,23]. More recent functionalextensions are those approached in a neural network framework, particularly the so-called radial basis functions successfully applied in modern communication receivers [17,26]. In addition, the contributions of fuzzy logic to the non-linear "eld are worth mentioning [5,6,12,27]. As a contribution to all these NLS models based on the mapping of the input data, this work reports the advantages of...
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