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Lung cancer

Components of tobacco:







Some cancer-causing chemicals in tobacco smoke and their other common uses
Tar - a mixture of dangerous chemicals
Arsenic - used in wood preservatives
Benzene - an industrial solvent, refined from crude oil
Cadmium - used in batteries
Formaldehyde - used in mortuaries and paint manufacturing
Polonium-210 - a highly radioactive elementChromium - used to manufacture dye, paints and alloys
1,3-Butadiene - used in rubber manufacturing
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons - a group of dangerous DNA-damaging chemicals
Nitrosamines - a group of carcinogens only found in tobacco
Tobacco-specific nitrosamines - a group of carcinogens only found in tobacco
Acrolein - used as a chemical weapon in World War 1  - and acetaldehyde - used inthe industrial production of acid
Other chemicals in cigarette smoke
Nicotine – highly addictive
Hydrogen cyanide - used as an industrial pesticide
Carbon monoxide - found in car exhausts and used in chemicals manufacturing
Nitrogen oxides - a major component of smog
Ammonia - used to make fertilisers and explosives
And many more
 
Tar
Tar is the collection of solid particles thatsmokers inhale when they light a cigarette. It is a mixture of lots of chemicals, many of which can cause cancer. When it settles, tar forms a sticky, brown residue that can stain smokers’ teeth, fingers and lungs.

Arsenic
Arsenic is one of the most dangerous chemicals in cigarettes. Fish and seafood can be sources of arsenic, but in a form that is less toxic and more readily removed from the body.In contrast, tobacco smoke contains arsenic in a more dangerous form. Each day smokers breathe in around ten times the amount of arsenic as non-smokers.

Arsenic can cause cancer as well as damaging the heart and its blood vessels. In addition to increasing levels of DNA damage, it can worsen the effect of other chemicals by interfering with our ability to repair our DNA.
Benzene
Benzeneis a solvent used to manufacture other chemicals, including petrol. It is well-established that benzene can cause cancer, particularly leukaemia. It could account for between a tenth and a half of the deaths from leukaemia caused by smoking.

Tobacco smoke contains large amounts of benzene and accounts for a big proportion of our exposure to this poison. The average smoker inhales about ten timesmore benzene than the average non-smoker.
Cadmium
Cadmium is a metal used mostly to make batteries. It is a known cause of cancer, and can also damage the kidneys and the linings of the arteries.

The majority of cadmium in our bodies comes from exposure to tobacco smoke.18,19 Smokers can have up to four times as much cadmium in their blood as non-smokers.

Our bodies have proteins that mopup harmful chemicals like cadmium, but the amounts in smoke can overload these proteins. Cadmium increases DNA damage and can also prevent our cells from repairing damaged DNA. Because of this, it can make the effects of other dangerous chemicals in cigarettes even worse..
Polonium-210
Polonium is a rare, radioactive element and polonium-210 is its most common form. Polonium strongly emits atype of radiation called alpha-radiation which is very damaging but can’t travel far – it can usually be blocked by thin layers of skin.

But breathing in cigarette smoke delivers traces of polonium-210 directly to the cells inside the airways where it can cause DNA damage and cancer.

Chromium
Chromium is a metal used to make metallic alloys, dyes and paints and comes in different types.chromium VI is very toxic. It is found in tobacco smoke, and is known to cause lung cancer.

Chromium VI allows other cancer-causing chemicals (such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) to stick more strongly to DNA and increases damage. This is one example of how the chemicals in cigarettes are even more dangerous when mixed together.
1,3-Butadiene
1,3-Butadiene or BDE is an industrial chemical...