Hongos
RESEARCH ARTICLE
A comparison of in vitro anticancerous activity and mechanism of ethanolic extracts from different Ganoderma genus
ZHOU Yueqin1, YANG Xiaotong ( )1,2, LI Xuquan1, FENG Huiqin1, MI Ke1, YANG Qingyao1
1. Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Life and Environment Science College, Shanghai NormalUniversity, Shanghai 200234, China 2. 8th floor, Building No. 14th, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, China
© Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag 2006
Abstract Five ethanolic extracts from the mycelia of Ganoderma lucidum, G. tsugae, G. oerstedii, G. subamboinense, and G. resinaceum were respectively studied on their anticancerous activities against leukemic HL-60 cell line in vitro. Resultsshowed that all five extracts potently inhibited HL-60 proliferation. The extract from G. lucidum mycelia exerted the highest activity. Annexin V/PI bivariate flow cytometric analysis further revealed that the five extracts significantly induced early apoptosis in HL-60 cells. The results illustrate that not only G. lucidum but also other Ganoderma species can inhibit cancer cells, and theirmechanisms are related to induction of apoptosis. Keywords Ganoderma, anti-proliferation, apoptosis, HL-60 on several mycelial triterpenes that can inhibit the proliferation of hepatoma cells in vitro (Toth et al., 1983; Hu et al., 2002). Compared with the cultivation of fruiting bodies, mycelia can be produced in a large scale by using an industrial liquid fermentation technology. Therefore, study onmycelial triterpenes can provide useful information on the potential use of mycelia as an extraction material. It is known that triterpene can be easily dissolved in organic solvents and therefore can be extracted by ethanol (Hu et al., 2002). Therefore, our study analyzed the ethanolic extracts from five different Ganoderma species mycelia that were cultivated using liquid fermentation. Bycomparing their triterpenes contents and in vitro anticancerous activities against leukemia HL-60 cells, the species that produced rich anticancerous triterpenes and was capable of inducing apoptosis was screened out. Our study provides preliminary data for further exploiting the Ganoderma resources.
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Introduction
Reishi, Lin-Zhi in Chinese, distributes a group of mushroom belonging to the genusof Ganoderma (Chen and Yu, 1990; Jong and Birmingham, 1992; Luo and Lin, 2002; Lin and Zhan, 2004). Recent study demonstrated that the triterpenes from the fruiting bodies of G. lucidum and G. tsugae, two species of Ganoderma genus, can effectively inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells in vitro and thus attracted intensive attention. However, Ganoderma has abundant species. According to ZhaoJiding’s report in 1992, the number of species in Chinese sub genus only amounts to over 88. These rich resources of Ganoderma species are still not being well exploited (Lin, 2001). On the other hand, the triterpenes from Ganoderma mycelia are also seldom studied. There are only few reports
Translated from Journal of Shanghai Normal University (Natural Sciences), 2005, 34(2): 77−81 [译自: 上海师范大学学报(自然科 学版),2005, 34(2): 77−81] E-mail: xtyang@shnu.edu.cn
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Materials and methods
Materials and equipments
Five Ganoderma species: Ganoderma lucidum, G. tsugae, G. oerstedii, G. resinaceum, and G. subamboinese were collected in the Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanghai Normal University, China and were authenticated by Dr. S.C. Jong. They were respectively abbreviated as“G”, “T”, “O”, “R” and “S”. Human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cell line was a generous gift from Dr. J. M. F. Wan’s lab in the University of Hong Kong, China. Shimadzu UVPC2401 UV–visible spectrometer, Bio-Rad microplate reader, Olympus BX41-DP70 fluorescent microscope, BD FACS Calibur flow cytometry were used in this study. BD CELLQUEST and BD ModFIT softwares were used to process flow...
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