Nutricion De Deportistas
Páginas: 25 (6166 palabras)
Publicado: 12 de agosto de 2012
Nutr Hosp. 2009;24(2):128-134 ISSN 0212-1611 • CODEN NUHOEQ S.V.R. 318
Revisión
Use of nutritional supplements in sports: risks, knowledge, and behavioural-related factors
O. Molinero and S. Márquez
Department of Physical Education and Institute of Biomedicine. University of León. Spain.
Abstract A large number of recreational and elite athletes use nutritional supplements in hopes ofimproving performance. These aids can be costly and potentially harmful, and the advertised ergogenic gains are often based on little or no scientific evidence. Due to the lack of regulation of the dietary supplement industry, an abundance of supplement products of dubious value, content, and quality are now available around the world. Many supplement products contain substances that areprohibited in sport or that have been associated with significant morbidity and mortality. For athletes, lack of knowledge or misinformation has been established despite numerous sources of information being available, and the reasons for, and implications of, unsupervised and unrestricted supplement use require further attention. In addition to the necessity of an appropriate regulation of dietarysupplements, nutritional education and scientifically sound guidance for athletes is required. Intervention and prevention efforts should be particularly targeted to adolescents.
UTILIZACIÓN DE SUPLEMENTOS NUTRICIONALES EN EL DEPORTE: RIESGOS, INFORMACIÓN Y FACTORES CONDUCTUALES Resumen Una gran cantidad de deportistas, tanto recreacionales como de elite, utilizan suplementos nutricionales con laesperanza de incrementar el rendimiento. Estas ayudas pueden tener un coste económico elevado y ser potencialmente peligrosas para la salud, basándose muchas veces sus supuestos beneficios en un escaso o nulo apoyo científico. Debido a la falta de regulación de la industria de suplementos nutricionales, existe una enorme cantidad de productos en el mercado que son de valor, contenido y calidaddudosos. Muchos suplementos contienen sustancias prohibidas en el deporte y que se han asociado con morbilidades y mortalidades significativas. A pesar de la gran cantidad de datos disponibles, resulta llamativa la información escasa o errónea por parte de los deportistas y se debe prestar especial atención a las implicaciones de un uso de suplementos no supervisado correctamente. Además de la necesidadde una regulación adecuada, los deportistas deben recibir una correcta educación nutricional y una información sustentada en datos científicos rigurosos. Los esfuerzos de intervención y de prevención han de ser especialmente importantes en los adolescentes.
(Nutr Hosp. 2009;24:128-134)
Key words: Nutritional supplements. Ergogenics. Sports. Behavior.
(Nutr Hosp. 2009;24:128-134)
Palabrasclave: Suplementos nutricionales. Ergogenia. Deporte. Conducta.
Introduction Since the time people began to participate in sports competition, nutrition has been perceived as an inteCorrespondence: Sara Márquez. Departamento de Educación Física y Deportiva. Universidad de León. 24071 León, España. E-mail: sara.marquez@unileon.es Recibido: 25-XI-2008. Aceptado: 30-XII-2008.
gral component ofphysical performance. The progress in understanding of human metabolism and exercise physiology made clear in the last few decades that manipulation of nutrient intake had the potential to positively influence sport performance, resulting in and explosion of products with specific applications to exercising individuals. Today, supplement use is a widespread and accepted practice by athletes, with ahigh prevalence of use and a large range of different types and brands of products. Global supplement use in athletes is estimated to range from 40 to as high as 88 percent, 1,2 with over thirty
128
thousand supplements being commercially-available in the USA.3 More than 3 million people in the USA alone use, or have used, ergogenic supplements,4 and supplement use is also widespread...
Revisión
Use of nutritional supplements in sports: risks, knowledge, and behavioural-related factors
O. Molinero and S. Márquez
Department of Physical Education and Institute of Biomedicine. University of León. Spain.
Abstract A large number of recreational and elite athletes use nutritional supplements in hopes ofimproving performance. These aids can be costly and potentially harmful, and the advertised ergogenic gains are often based on little or no scientific evidence. Due to the lack of regulation of the dietary supplement industry, an abundance of supplement products of dubious value, content, and quality are now available around the world. Many supplement products contain substances that areprohibited in sport or that have been associated with significant morbidity and mortality. For athletes, lack of knowledge or misinformation has been established despite numerous sources of information being available, and the reasons for, and implications of, unsupervised and unrestricted supplement use require further attention. In addition to the necessity of an appropriate regulation of dietarysupplements, nutritional education and scientifically sound guidance for athletes is required. Intervention and prevention efforts should be particularly targeted to adolescents.
UTILIZACIÓN DE SUPLEMENTOS NUTRICIONALES EN EL DEPORTE: RIESGOS, INFORMACIÓN Y FACTORES CONDUCTUALES Resumen Una gran cantidad de deportistas, tanto recreacionales como de elite, utilizan suplementos nutricionales con laesperanza de incrementar el rendimiento. Estas ayudas pueden tener un coste económico elevado y ser potencialmente peligrosas para la salud, basándose muchas veces sus supuestos beneficios en un escaso o nulo apoyo científico. Debido a la falta de regulación de la industria de suplementos nutricionales, existe una enorme cantidad de productos en el mercado que son de valor, contenido y calidaddudosos. Muchos suplementos contienen sustancias prohibidas en el deporte y que se han asociado con morbilidades y mortalidades significativas. A pesar de la gran cantidad de datos disponibles, resulta llamativa la información escasa o errónea por parte de los deportistas y se debe prestar especial atención a las implicaciones de un uso de suplementos no supervisado correctamente. Además de la necesidadde una regulación adecuada, los deportistas deben recibir una correcta educación nutricional y una información sustentada en datos científicos rigurosos. Los esfuerzos de intervención y de prevención han de ser especialmente importantes en los adolescentes.
(Nutr Hosp. 2009;24:128-134)
Key words: Nutritional supplements. Ergogenics. Sports. Behavior.
(Nutr Hosp. 2009;24:128-134)
Palabrasclave: Suplementos nutricionales. Ergogenia. Deporte. Conducta.
Introduction Since the time people began to participate in sports competition, nutrition has been perceived as an inteCorrespondence: Sara Márquez. Departamento de Educación Física y Deportiva. Universidad de León. 24071 León, España. E-mail: sara.marquez@unileon.es Recibido: 25-XI-2008. Aceptado: 30-XII-2008.
gral component ofphysical performance. The progress in understanding of human metabolism and exercise physiology made clear in the last few decades that manipulation of nutrient intake had the potential to positively influence sport performance, resulting in and explosion of products with specific applications to exercising individuals. Today, supplement use is a widespread and accepted practice by athletes, with ahigh prevalence of use and a large range of different types and brands of products. Global supplement use in athletes is estimated to range from 40 to as high as 88 percent, 1,2 with over thirty
128
thousand supplements being commercially-available in the USA.3 More than 3 million people in the USA alone use, or have used, ergogenic supplements,4 and supplement use is also widespread...
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