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The climate encompasses the statistical values ​​on the elements of weather in a region during a representative period, temperature, humidity, pressure, wind and rainfall, mainly. These values ​​are obtained by collecting systematic and consistent weather information for periods that are considered sufficiently representative, 30 years or more. These times need to be longer in subtropicaland temperate areas in the tropics, especially in the equatorial belt, where the climate is more stable and less variable with respect to meteorological parameters.
Natural factors affecting climate are latitude, altitude, direction of the relief, continentally (or distance to the sea) and sea currents. As the world refers to an area or region, or a particular locality is a global climate talk, zonal,regional or local (micro), respectively.



The climate is a complex system so that their behavior is difficult to predict. For one long-term trend are due, usually to systematic variations such as the concentration of greenhouse gases, solar radiation or orbital changes. In addition, there are more or less chaotic fluctuations due to interaction between forcing, feedbacks and moderators. Eitherway the effect of unpredictable fluctuations in the weather is practically nullified if we stick to the study of trends (that is the stuff that really matters in the weather) and we can make predictions with considerable accuracy.  Also, knowledge of past climate is also more uncertain as it recedes in time. This facet of the climate is called paleoclimatology and is based on the fossilrecord, the sediment dendrochronology, either study of annual growth rings of trees, the poles of the glaciers and the bubbles occluded in polar ice. Of all scientists are taking an ever tighter regulatory mechanisms of the climate system. The climate is a complex system so that their behavior is difficult to predict. For one long-term trends are due, usually to systematic variations such as theconcentration of greenhouse gases, solar radiation or orbital changes. In addition, there are more or less chaotic fluctuations due to interaction between forcing’s, feedbacks and moderators. Either way the effect of unpredictable fluctuations in the weather is practically nullified if we stick to the study of trends (that is the stuff that really matters in the weather) and we can make predictions withconsiderable precisión.1 Also, knowledge of past climate is also more uncertain as it recedes in time. This facet of the climate is called paleoclimatology and is based on the fossil record, the sediment dendrochronology, the study of annual growth rings of trees, the poles of the glaciers and the bubbles occluded in polar ice. Of all scientists are taking an ever tighter regulatory mechanisms of theclimate system.







Earth from the Apollo XVII, showing the cloud patterns, which give indications of temperature, rainfall, humidity, pressure and winds, allowing for weather forecasts for large regions. Weather satellites make their orbits at a lower altitude, so the odds are even more accurate for places or areas of small extent.







The climate and atmosphereWater is a substance whose molecule consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom (H2O). It is essential for the survival of all known forms of life. The term water generally refers to the substance in its liquid state, but the same can be found in its solid form called ice, and as a gas called steam. Water covers 71% of the surface of the cortex terrestre.2 is localized mainlyin the oceans which accounts for 96.5% of total water, glaciers and ice caps have 1.74%, the underground reservoirs (aquifers), the continental permafrost and glaciers account for 1.72% and the remaining 0.04% are distributed in decreasing order among lakes, soil moisture, air, reservoirs, rivers and loved vivos.3 water is a common element solar system, a fact confirmed by recent discoveries. ...