Structural Analysis Of Bridges

Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala
Facultad de Ingeniería
Technical English 3

BRIDGES ESTRUCTURE

Presentation | / 15 |
Introduction | / 15 |
Objectives | / 15 |
Investigation | / 10 |
Conclusions | / 15 |
Annexes | / 5 |
Bibliography |
Oral Presentation | / 25|



INTRODUCTION
Known as the bridges are constructed, its structure, materials used to perform these procedures and use are given to these. The traditional building materials for bridges are stone, timber and steel, and more recently reinforced and prestressed concrete. For special elements aluminium and its alloys and some types of plastics are used. These materials have differentqualities of strength, workability, durability and resistance against corrosion. They differ also in their structure, texture and color or in the possibilities of surface treatment with differing texture and color.
Bridges may be classified by how the forces of tension, compression, bending, torsion and shear are distributed through their structure. Most bridges will employ all of the principal forcesto some degree, but only a few will predominate. The separation of forces may be quite clear. In a suspension or cable-stayed span, the elements in tension are distinct in shape and placement. In other cases the forces may be distributed among a large number of members, as in a truss, or not clearly discernible to a casual observer as in a box beam. Bridges can also be classified by their lineage,which is shown as the vertical axis on the diagram.
There are six main types of bridges: beam bridges, cantilever bridges, arch bridges, suspension bridges, cable-stayed bridges and truss bridges.
The bridge supports are mechanical devices capable of transmitting the vertical and horizontal loads from the superstructure to the substructure. Forces or actions to be borne by the support depend onthe degree of restriction that these possess, while determining the stresses on the elements of the substructure to which they connect.

OBJETIVES

* Knowing how to perform the structural analysis
* Determine what meterials are used to buid abridges.
* To know the different types of bridges that can be made.

BRIDGES ESTRUCTURE
A bridge is a structure built to span physicalobstacles such as a body of water, valley, or road, for the purpose of providing passage over the obstacle. Designs of bridges vary depending on the function of the bridge, the nature of the terrain where the bridge is constructed, the material used to make it and the funds available to build it. A bridge is designed for trains, pedestrian or road traffic, a pipeline or waterway for water transportor barge traffic. An aqueduct is a bridge that carries water, resembling a viaduct, which is a bridge that connects points of equal height. A road-rail bridge carries both road and rail traffic. Bridges are subject to unplanned uses as well. The areas underneath some bridges have become makeshift shelters and homes to homeless people, and the undersides of bridges all around the world are spots ofprevalent graffiti. Some bridges attract people attempting suicide, and become known as suicide bridges.
The traditional building materials for bridges are stone, timber and steel, and more recently reinforced and prestressed concrete. For special elements aluminum and its alloys and some types of plastics are used. These materials have different qualities of strength, workability, durability andresistance against corrosion. They differ also in their structure, texture and color or in the possibilities of surface treatment with differing texture and color.
Bridges may be classified by how the forces of tension, compression, bending, torsion and shear are distributed through their structure. Most bridges will employ all of the principal forces to some degree, but only a few will...