Tareas

Realism is a greater theory because it takes some elements from Idealism and support them. This essay will compare two theories of Greek philosophers, Plato's idealism against realism of Aristotle, according to Epistemology. Differences and similarities are going to be presented, justified with arguments and the objective is to analize and research.

The idealism of Plato's theorytalk about two worlds; one of ideas that is a sensible world and the world of ideas only attainable through reason. There’s a myth about a cave where since birth the slaves have been there, bound with chains and looking to the wall and in the cave is a fire, sometimes people form the exterior world passes, talk to each other but the slaves only see shadows and without knowledge of them, theyconsider those shadows as real because it is all they know.

When one of the slaves was liberated had difficulty adjusting his eyes to the sunlight, he will observe everything and discover the beauty of the world, shadows and things reflected in the water, he would notice that he can see the splendor of the figures clearly and then he returned to the cave to explain to the other slaves how did thereal world was but they thought he was crazy (because their “real” world inside the cave is everything they know) and they laugh at him and they took an attitude where they show that they don’t want to leave a fake reality to start appreciating a real world. In this myth humans identifies with the prisoners. Shadows are the appearances, which we capture through the senses and think is real (amaterial world), natural things (world of ideas), the idea of good is represented with the sun, the slave that should guide the rest to free theirsleves is the philosopher who should lead others to the real world, only those who are able to free theirselves and overcome the pain of breaking the chains, may see the world of ideas with their own eyes, Plato shows the vision of human nature, the theoryof ideas, and that pain is a process by which we can reach the human knowledge.
The interpretation in the real life is that the man represents the way we live in the world of senses and values, knowledge of themselves as shadows, refers to the identification of human, in the body, the release of the prisoner is the discovery of a real world (the world of ideas)
when the slave loses the chains.They recognizes objects in the cave, they go up to the outside world and the philosopher liberates morally and intellectually their souls to the limitations of the body and the sensible world and ascends to the world of ideas. When they know themselves in the outside world, they star identifying their human reality with the soul.

Epistemological point of view: in the underworld (the cave), theshadows are reflections of objects in the outside world. Light is the fire when the sun reflects objects in the water and those are mathematical ideas, therefore the objects correspond to the ideas, the sun is the idea of good.
Moral and political: The destiny of man is not the physical world, but the world and all the ideas so philosophy is necessary to reach our destiny, when the slaves goesback to the cave he is the philosopher that has the obligation to free the other people (slaves in the cave).
when the slave is killed it represents that anyone who wants to show the truth to all men, could die.

Represents the different dimensions of man: the cave and the full light of the spirit (body and soul), the intelligible as a challenge to achieve freedom. A new world outside thehuman being an intangible world to which man should wish to reach. On the other hand we have the realism of Aristotle which distinguishes three elements: substance, essence and accident, and two elements in one thing which is matter and form. His theory is based on what can be measured or calculated, in a scientific or practical way.

Highlighting the similarity between the idealism of Plato and...