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BILINGUALISM
There are several approaches to the concept of bilingualism. According Weinreich 1953, is the "process of alternately using two languages". According to Haugen, bilingualism "starts when you produce meaningful sentences in another language." Grosjean, moreover, states that bilingual "is someone who can work in languages ​​according to their needs." Finally, who is bilingualMacnamara considers that "having at least one other language skills."
The above definitions have in common only the fact that bilingualism occurs when using two languages, while they differ on other aspects that could be considered bilingual. Therefore, not expected to be a single definition of the term, since it largely depends on the context in which it is handled.
In Colombia, the Ministry ofNational Education (MEN) launched the National Bilingualism in Education Plan 2004-2019 Fortnightly, waiting Colombians place students in internationally competitive levels in the management of a second language. In this context, bilingualism is seen as "different degrees of proficiency with which an individual is able to communicate in more than one language and one culture. (Taken from: Curriculum forEnglish ASPAEN)
Our process starts bilingualism in preschool, once the students have a language management. Our methodological approach begins in prekindergarten, is playful, seeking above all taste for the second language. From grade kindergarten the focus of our program is literature about this work and integrate the four skills (Speaking, Reading, Listening, Writing).
The ability to use twolanguages ​​interchangeably called bilingualism. However, this ability is not shared by many people. In Spain own language communities encourage students to learn from each of them small. In all other cases, the option to become bilingual academic training.
Definitions of bilingualism are varied. In some cases this is defined broadly. He is bilingual person who has minimal knowledge of a secondlanguage, in addition to the mother tongue. In other cases, the definition is more narrow and well known to people who have a mastery of two languages ​​simultaneously.
Despite the distinction, the commonly accepted definition bilingual considers the person as well as his first language, have a competition published in another language and is able to use one or the other in all circumstances andwith similar effectiveness. This definition implies that the subject has two linguistic systems in balance. This would be a subject that would equally developed in each of the languages ​​the four basic language skills: listening, speaking, reading and writing.
Forms of acquisition of bilingualism
Child Bilingualism
• The child simultaneously acquires two languages. If this process occurs in thedevelopmental period in which the child learns to talk, learn both languages ​​without any difficulty. It is for those children whose parent speaks one language and a different mother. It would perfectly balanced bilingualism.
• The child learns a language at an early age. It can be purchased in a nursery or in a bilingual school and thus learn the second language. It is the case of ethnicminority children regularly attending language school in the host country. Here the balance between languages ​​is not so perfect. The use of a second language is a function of the individual's social situation and always be the first language of most personal use.
Bilingualism post-child
• Is the acquisition of a second language in a strictly academic through formal education imparted in schools.This applies to students of Primary School. In the educational curriculum at this level includes a first language. In the case of secondary education is collected until a second language.
Bilingualism and biculturalism
These two concepts are used, more often than desired, as synonymous words. However, it should not be confused because it embraces biculturalism bilingualism.
Biliculturalismo...