C# Para Principiantes

The eXperT’s Voice ® in .neT

C# 2008
From Novice to Professional
Christian Gross

Beginning

Beginning C# 2008
From Novice to Professional

Christian Gross

Beginning C# 2008: From Novice to Professional Copyright © 2007 by Christian Gross
All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, includingphotocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner and the publisher. ISBN-13 (pbk): 978-1-59059-869-6 ISBN-10 (pbk): 1-59059-869-5 Printed and bound in the United States of America 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Trademarked names may appear in this book. Rather than use a trademark symbol with every occurrence of a trademarkedname, we use the names only in an editorial fashion and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Lead Editor: Ewan Buckingham Technical Reviewer: Christian Kenyeres Editorial Board: Steve Anglin, Ewan Buckingham, Tony Campbell, Gary Cornell, Jonathan Gennick, Jason Gilmore, Kevin Goff, Jonathan Hassell, Matthew Moodie, Joseph Ottinger, JeffreyPepper, Ben Renow-Clarke, Dominic Shakeshaft, Matt Wade, Tom Welsh Project Manager: Sofia Marchant Copy Editor: Marilyn Smith Associate Production Director: Kari Brooks-Copony Production Editor: Kelly Winquist Compositor: Kinetic Publishing Services Proofreader: Nancy Riddiough Indexer: Broccoli Information Management Artist: Kinetic Publishing Services Cover Designer: Kurt Krames ManufacturingDirector: Tom Debolski Distributed to the book trade worldwide by Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., 233 Spring Street, 6th Floor, New York, NY 10013. Phone 1-800-SPRINGER, fax 201-348-4505, e-mail orders-ny@springer-sbm.com, or visit http://www.springeronline.com. For information on translations, please contact Apress directly at 2855 Telegraph Avenue, Suite 600, Berkeley, CA 94705. Phone 510-549-5930,fax 510-549-5939, e-mail info@apress.com, or visit http://www.apress.com. The information in this book is distributed on an “as is” basis, without warranty. Although every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this work, neither the author(s) nor Apress shall have any liability to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectlyby the information contained in this work. The source code for this book is available to readers at http://www.apress.com.

Some food for thought when writing software: “A common mistake that people make when trying to design something completely foolproof is to underestimate the ingenuity of complete fools.” “The major difference between a thing that might go wrong and a thing that cannotpossibly go wrong is that when a thing that cannot possibly go wrong goes wrong it usually turns out to be impossible to get at or repair.” —Douglas Adams, Mostly Harmless

Contents at a Glance
About the Author . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii About the Technical Reviewer . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi

■ CHAPTER ■ CHAPTER ■ CHAPTER ■ CHAPTER ■ CHAPTER ■ CHAPTER ■ CHAPTER ■ CHAPTER ■ CHAPTER ■ CHAPTER ■ CHAPTER ■ CHAPTER ■ CHAPTER ■ CHAPTER ■ CHAPTER ■CHAPTER ■ CHAPTER

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

Ready, Steady, Go! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Learning About .NET Number and Value Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Learning About String Manipulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Learning About Data Structures, Decisions, and...