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The United States Constitution
The United States Constitution was written in 1787 and adopted in 1788 and entered into force in 1789. It is still in force and is the oldest constitution that is still in force in the world. The Constitution replaced the Articles of Confederation weak to form a more perfect union that was strong enough to survive the dangers of the world while protecting thefreedom of states and citizens.
On June 7, 1776 a resolution was introduced in the Second Continental Congress declaring the dissolution of the union with Britain, proposing the formation of alliances and suggesting a plan for the drafting of the confederation to be submitted to the respective states. Independence was declared on July 4, 1776, the preparation for a plan of confederation was postponed.It was not until November 17, 1777 that Congress was able to agree on a form of government that have some chance of being adopted by individual states, and the July 9, 1778 was finally passed by a number enough states to be operational.
The Constitution has been amended 27 times since 1789, and is very likely that you will undertake changes in the future. In the first ten years since itsratification were performed ten amendments known as the Bill of Rights. Congress approved these amendments en bloc in September 1789 and the eleven states ratified before the end of 1791.

Many of the critical and initial resistance to the Constitution came not from those who wanted to strengthen the federal union, but the politicians who wanted individual rights were established specifically. GeorgeMason was one of them, was the author of the Virginia Declaration of Rights, which was a precedent in the Charter of Rights. As a delegate to the Constitutional Convention, Mason refused to sign the document because it considered that this did not protect individual rights sufficiently. In fact, Mason's opposition nearly blocked ratification by Virginia. Because of similar feelings inMassachusetts, the state conditioned its ratification on the addition of specific guarantees of individual rights. While the First Congress met, the idea of ​​adoption of such amendments was nearly unanimous, and Congress took no time in drafting them.
Before the Civil War, abolitionists hated the Constitution because it allowed slavery. William Lloyd Garrison denounced the Constitution as "an agreement withdeath and Hell."

During the Gilded Age, when the U.S. government was full of corruption, there was a view that the Constitution was flawed. The strong criticism of Woodrow Wilson's committee system and the separation of powers in a Congressional Government was widely read among students of political science.

In the early twentieth century, when the Supreme Court routinely attacked therights of consumers and workers as unconstitutional (see Lochner Era), the Constitution fie criticized for being inflexible document.

Today many Americans admire or respect the Constitution, especially the Bill of Rights that has been safer and stronger at the end of the half-century. Whether a politician is accused of "violating the Constitution" is seen as a serious insult, even if done inrhetorical form. However, many groups of Americans still harbor a desire to amend the Constitution in several of its provisions, see: proposed amendments to the Constitution of the United States.

USA Independence
The War of Independence of the United States was a conflict between the thirteen original British colonies in North America against the Kingdom of Great Britain. Occurred between 1775 and1783, finishing with the British defeat at the Battle of Yorktown and the Treaty of Paris.
During the war, France helped the American revolutionaries with ground troops commanded by Rochambeau and the Marquis de La Fayette and fleets under the command of marine and Guichen, Grasse and D'Estaing. Spain, meanwhile, made him initially by Bernardo de Galvez and openly from the Battle of Saratoga,...