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Baseball
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the sport. For the ball used in the sport, see Baseball (ball). For other uses, see Baseball (disambiguation).

Baseball |

The baseball diamond at Wrigley Field, Chicago |
First played | Mid-18th century or prior, England (early form)
June 19, 1846, Hoboken, New Jersey (first recorded game with codified rules) |Characteristics |
Team members | 9 |
Categorization | Bat-and-ball |
Equipment | Baseball
Baseball bat
Baseball glove |
Olympic | 1992–2008 |
Baseball is a bat-and-ball sport played between two teams of nine players each. The goal is to score runs by hitting a thrown ball with a bat and touching a series of four bases arranged at the corners of a ninety-foot square, or diamond. Players onone team (the batting team) take turns hitting against the pitcher of the other team (the fielding team), which tries to stop them from scoring runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways. A player on the batting team can stop at any of the bases and later advance via a teammate's hit or other means. The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the fielding team records threeouts. One turn at bat for each team constitutes an inning and nine innings make up a professional game. The team with the most runs at the end of the game wins.
Evolving from older bat-and-ball games, an early form of baseball was being played in England by the mid-eighteenth century. This game and the related rounders were brought by British and Irish immigrants to North America, where the modernversion of baseball developed. By the late nineteenth century, baseball was widely recognized as the national sport of the United States. Baseball on the professional, amateur, and youth levels is now popular in North America, parts of Central and South America and the Caribbean, and parts of East Asia. The game is sometimes referred to as hardball, in contrast to the derivative game of softball.In North America, professional Major League Baseball (MLB) teams are divided into the National League (NL) and American League (AL). Each league has three divisions: East, West, and Central. Every year, the major league champion is determined by playoffs that culminate in the World Series. Four teams make the playoffs from each league: the three regular season division winners, plus one wild cardteam. Baseball is the leading team sport in both Japan and Cuba, and the top level of play is similarly split between two leagues: Japan's Central League and Pacific League; Cuba's West League and East League. In the National and Central leagues, the pitcher is required to bat, per the traditional rules. In the American, Pacific, and both Cuban leagues, there is a tenth player, a designatedhitter, who bats for the pitcher. Each top-level team has a farm system of one or more minor league teams. These teams allow younger players to develop as they gain on-field experience against opponents with similar levels of skill.
Contents [hide]  * 1 History * 1.1 Origins of baseball * 1.2 History of baseball in the United States * 1.2.1 The game turns professional *1.2.2 Rise of Ruth and racial integration * 1.2.3 Attendance records and the age of steroids * 1.3 Baseball around the world * 2 Rules and gameplay * 3 Personnel * 3.1 Player rosters * 3.2 Other personnel * 4 Strategy and tactics * 4.1 Pitching and fielding tactics * 4.2 Batting and baserunning tactics * 5 Distinctive elements * 5.1 No clock to kill* 5.2 Individual focus * 5.3 Uniqueness of each baseball park * 6 Statistics * 6.1 Sabermetrics * 7 Popularity and cultural impact * 7.1 Baseball in popular culture * 8 See also * 9 References * 10 Sources * 11 Further reading * 11.1 Online * 12 External links |
History
Main article: History of baseball
Origins of baseball
Main article: Origins of...