Articulo De Biologai

Apuntes Sobre Micro Biologia En Ingles

The next thing is Transcriptional control. The Gene is on. Its function is to transcribe a protein. The question is how many messages and what type should Imake? We are controlling how many we produce or transcribe. The TATA box alone can only produce 10-30 mRNA per minute. This is okay for the housekeeping genes. When we need to make proteins inamplitude or suddenly a big amount we have a 6-10 base pairs called an enhancer we find them away from the TATA box and from the gene itself. Enhancers are attached to a gene but are located a long distanceaway. To this enhancer binds a protein called the enhancer binding protein. This speeds up production. Enhancers are in those proteins that need to bulk produce at a high speed. Housekeeping genesdo not have them. They only have a TATA box. So now the DNA is going to bend or loop such that the TATA box is going to align itself directly below the enhancer. The RNA polymerase comes in and aconformation change will occur and the speed and amount will increase. The e.b.p caused a change in the RNA polymerase. The RNA polymerase is the same but there is a change in molecule and the RNApolymerase runs at a much higher speed.

The opposite of enhancers are silencers. They shut down the production. Similarly the silencers bind to the RNA polymerase and they silence the production.

Secondtype is combinatorial control. It is also enhancer base. The majority of our genes don’t have just one enhancer. The more enhancers you have the more mRNA production. Or you can have selectiveproduction. The numbers can be multiplied depending on how many enhancers you got. DNA regulators are the enhancers. They are called this because they manipulate the DNA to have the best production.

Sayyou have a liver cell and a kidney cell they both have the same genes. In the liver cell protein 1, 2 and 3 are DNA regulators that turn on the gene. On the kidney cell only protein 1 is bound. This...