ARTICULO SOBRE AND

What called you until today 'DNA garbage' it is useful and very important information for the health.

An international team of investigators with Spanish participation gave to know today the results of a thousand and half of experiments to interpret the DNA and he/she revealed that most of that that up to now called you "DNA garbage" it is, in fact, useful and important information.These discoveries are fruit of the project Encode (Encyclopedia of the Elements of the DNA), the investigation of more span that at the present time it is carrying out in the field of the genómica, and they are described in a total of thirty articles published today for three scientific magazines, the Briton "Nature" and the Americans "Genome Research" and "Genome Biology."
"This is one of thosebig steps that transform our understanding of the genetics", Ewan affirmed Birney, coordinator of the project and investigator of the European Institute of Bioinformáticos of Hinxton (Cambridgeshire, east of England), in a press wheel celebrated today in the Museum of Science of London.
The investigation that has an investment of more than 185 million dollars (146,6 million Eurus), it picks upthe relief of the Project Human Genoma that more than one decade ago achieved secuenciar the DNA of the human beings.
From 2003, the Project Encode tries to elucidate the hidden things of the DNA secuenciado and to create a catalog with all the functional elements that it contains the genoma that when they mix they constitute the necessary information to form all the types of cells and organsof the human body.
To day of today, Encode has gathered so many elements that if you prints on a mural, this would measure until 16 meters of high and 30 kilometers long, and that, in terms of capacity, they add near 15 rough terabytes of information, a "authentic banquet of genetic data", available openly in Internet.
This information has helped the scientists to understand better how theexpression of the genes is regulated, what factors they determine that the proteins take place in the appropriate cells and in the appropriate moment, and it will allow new advances in the understanding of ailments like the illness of Crohn (of the immunologic system, of unknown origin).
Among other discoveries, the scientists discovered that the acquaintance up to now as "DNA garbage"(information that is not useful) it is, in fact, a great control panel with millions of switches that regulate the activity of our genes and without which the genes would not work and illnesses would appear.
"Our genoma only works thanks to the switches: millions of places that determine if a gene lights or he/she fades", Birney explained. "We have found that a great part of the genoma is implied incontrolling when and where the proteins take place, beyond simply to manufacture them. It is a surprising quantity", Birney added.
In fact, according to the conclusions of Encode, around 80% of the human genoma it contains elements related with some type of biochemical function, until a total of 120 different functions.
The project runs in charge of an international consortium that joins theefforts of 442 scientists -22 of them Spaniards -, coming from 32 laboratories of the United Kingdom, United States, Spain, Singapore, Japan and Switzerland that have carried out a total of 1.649 experiments with 147 types of cells.
Among those scientists, the Catalan Roderic highlights Guigó, coordinator of the program of Bioinformática and Genómica of the Center of Regulation Genómica andprofessor in the University Pompeu Fabra of Barcelona who has led the group of analysis of RNA of Encode.
"We knew that there were mutations in the DNA that you/they were associated with illnesses, but we didn't know why. Now we know that one of the reasons is possibly because they happen in some of these switches or regions reguladoras, of those that before ignored their existence", he/she...