constutution india

THE
CONSTITUTION
OF INDIA

THE
CONSTITUTION
OF INDIA

(As modified up to the 1st December, 2007)

GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF LAW AND JUSTICE

PREFACE
Constitution is a living document, an instrument which makes the
government system work. Its flexibility lies in its amendments. In this edition,
the text of the Constitution of India has been brought up-to-date byincorporating therein all amendments made by Parliament up to and including
the Constitution (Ninety-fourth Amendment) Act, 2006. The footnotes below
the text indicate the Constitution Amendment Acts by which such amendments
have been made.
The Constitution applies to the State of Jammu and Kashmir with certain
exceptions and modifications as provided in article 370 and the Constitution
(Applicationto Jammu and Kashmir) Order, 1954. This Order has been
included in Appendix I for facility of reference. Appendix II contains a
re-statement of the exceptions and modifications.
The text of the constitutional amendments relating to the Constitution
(Forty-fourth Amendment) Act, 1978, the Constitution (Eighty-sixth
Amendment) Act, 2002 and the Constitution (Eighty-eighth Amendment) Act,2003, which have not yet come into force, have been provided in the text at
the appropriate places wherever or otherwise in the footnote.

NEW DELHI;
1 December 2007.
st

DR. K.N. CHATURVEDI,
Secretary to the Government of India

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS USED
Art., arts.

...........................................................

for Article, articles.

Cl., cls............................................................

“

Clause, clauses.

C.O.

...........................................................

“

Constitutiion Order.

Ins.

...........................................................

“

Inserted.

P., pp.

...........................................................

“

Page, pages.

Pt............................................................

“

Part.

Rep.

...........................................................

“

Repealed.

Sec., ss.

...........................................................

“

Section, sections.

Sch.

...........................................................

“

Schedule.

Subs.

...........................................................

“Substituted.

w.e.f.

...........................................................

“

with effect from.

THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA
CONTENTS
PAGES
PREAMBLE

.................................................................................................................................

1

PART I
THE UNION AND ITS TERRITORY
ARTICLES
1.

Name and territory of the Union...................................................................

2.

Admission or establishment of new States ................................................

2

2A.

[Repealed.] ..............................................................................................................

2

3.

Formation of new States and alteration of areas, boundaries or names
of existing States................................................................................................

4.

Laws made under articles 2 and 3 to provide for the amendment of
the First and the Fourth Schedules and supplemental, incidental and
consequential matters .......................................................................................

2

2-3

3

PART II
CITIZENSHIP
5.Citizenship at the commencement of the Constitution ..........................

4

6.

Rights of citizenship of certain persons who have migrated to India
from Pakistan ......................................................................................................

4

7.

Rights of citizenship of certain migrants to Pakistan .............................

5

8.

Rights...