Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes Mellitus
The Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders which affect various organs and tissues, lifelong and is characterized by increased levels of glucose in the blood: hyperglycemia. The cause various disorders, the main low production of the hormone insulin, secreted by the β cells of the Islets of Langerhans of the endocrine pancreas, or by the improper use of the body,which will affect the metabolism of carbohydrates , lipids and proteins. The main symptoms of diabetes mellitus are excessive emission of urine, abnormal increase in the need for food, increased thirst, and weight loss for no apparent reason; so knowing the different typres of diabetes mellitus, how can we prevent this disease?
We have three main types of diabetes mellitus, the first is known asDiabetes Mellitus Type 1, also known as juvenile diabetes or insulin-dependent mellitus, is a metabolic disorder characterized by a selective destruction of pancreatic beta cells causing an absolute deficiency of insulin. Its symptoms are fatigue, increased thirst, increased urination, increased appetite, nausea, vomiting and weight loss despite increased appetite. People who have this diseaseneed to stay in a hospital and must have daily injections of insulin. The long-term goal are extend the life; reduce symptoms; prevent complications, such as blindness, kidney failure, heart disease and limb amputation; this objectives are achieved by Careful
self blood sugar levels (glycosylated hemoglobin serials with every 3 months in addition to controlling blood glucose test); education byprofessionals such as nutritionists, doctors, nurses and endocrinologists; continuous exercise; food care; use of insulin and meal planning and weight control. People who have this disease have to follow a balanced diet prescript by the doctor; strengthen the explanation of the prescribed diet and / or reduced calorie diet; help to set realisticweight loss; have the patient and / or their relatives calculating dietary needs and choose a simple diet, reducing foods high in cholesterol, saturated fat, salt, sugar and alcohol; explain the need to eat meals and snacks at regular intervals daily planned; emphasize the need to establish additional requirements for food before exercise through the use of blood glucose monitoring.Regular exercise helps control the amount of glucose even to decrease the required amount, like burn excess calories and fat to achieve a healthy weight. The right footwear to avoid foot injuries. Controlling blood sugar levels before and after exercise to avoid hypoglycemia during exercise (suchas food with carbohydrates or sugar). Carry food that contains a fast-acting carbohydrate in case blood glucose levels get too low during or after exercise. Carry a diabetes identification bracelet. Exercise every day at the same hour. As you change the intensity or duration of exercise, you may need to modify your diet or medication to keep your blood sugar level within an appropriate range.The second type of diabetes is Diabetes type 2, or senile diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by high levels of glucose in the blood, is not due to cellular resistance to the actions of insulin, glucagon but combined with a deficient insulin secretion from the pancreas. Diabetes is a problem in the way in which the body makes or uses insulin. There may be an insulin resistance orinsufficient production of insulin for use in cells of the body. Some risk factors that predispose an individual to developing type 2 diabetes include family history and genetics play an important role; a low level of activity (sedentary); a poor diet, excess weight, especially around the waist; ethnicity (African Americans, Hispanic Americans and Native Americans have high rates of diabetes); age 45...