Electronica

PIC Microcontrollers

PIC Microcontrollers
An Introduction to Microelectronics
Second Edition

Martin Bates

AMSTERDAM • BOSTON • HEIDELBERG • LONDON NEW YORK • OXFORD • PARIS • SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO • SINGAPORE • SYDNEY • TOKYO
Newnes is an imprint of Elsevier

Newnes An imprint of Elsevier Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP 200 Wheeler Road, Burlington, MA 01803 Firstpublished 2000 by Arnold Second edition 2004 Copyright © 2004, Martin Bates. All right reserved Appendix A has been reprinted with permission of the copyright owner, Microchip Technology Incorporated © 2001. All rights reserved. No further reprints or reproductions may be made without Microchip Technology Inc.’s prior written consent. Information contained in this publication regarding deviceapplications and the like is intended as suggestion only and may be superseded by updates. No representation or warranty is given, and no liability is assumed by Microchip Technology Inc. with respect to the accuracy or use of such information, or infringement of patents arising from such use or otherwise. Use of Microchip Technology Inc. products as critical components in life support systems is notauthorized except with express written approval by Microchip Technology Inc. No licenses are conveyed implicitly or otherwise under any intellectual property rights. The right of Martin Bates to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 No part of this publication may be reproduced in any material form (includingphotocopying or storing in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some other use of this publication) without the written permission of the copyright holder except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London, EnglandWIT 4LP. Applications for the copyright holder’s written permission to reproduce any part of this publication should be addressed to the publisher Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone: (+44) 1865 84830, fax: (+44) 1865 853333, e-mail: permissions@elsevier.co.uk. You may also complete your request on-line via the Elsevierhomepage (http://www.elsevier.com), by selecting ‘Customer Support’ and then ‘Obtaining Permissions’ British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress ISBN 0 7506 6267 0 For information on all Newnespublications visit our website at http:// books.elsevier.com Typeset in 10/12 pt Times by Integra Software Services Pvt. Ltd, Pondicherry, India www.integra-india.com Printed and bound in Meppel, The Netherlands by Krips bv.

Contents

Preface to the First Edition Preface to the Second Edition Introduction PART A MICROELECTRONIC SYSTEMS

x xii xiii 1 3
3 9 11 14 15 18 18 19

Chapter 1 ComputerSystems
1.1 The PC System 1.2 Wordprocessor Operation 1.3 PC Microprocessor System 1.4 PC Engineering Applications 1.5 The Microcontroller Summary Questions Activities

Chapter 2 Information Coding
2.1 Number Systems 2.2 Machine Code Programs 2.3 ASCII Code Summary Questions Answers Activities

20
20 25 28 29 29 30 30

vi Contents

Chapter 3 Microelectronic Devices
3.1 Digital Devices3.2 Combinational Logic 3.3 Sequential Logic 3.4 Data Devices 3.5 Simple Data System 3.6 4-Bit Data System Summary Questions Activities

32
32 36 39 41 43 44 47 47 48

Chapter 4 Digital Systems
4.1 Encoder and Decoder 4.2 Multiplexer, Demultiplexer and Buffer 4.3 Registers and Memory 4.4 Memory Address Decoding 4.5 System Address Decoding 4.6 Counters and Timers 4.7 Serial and Shift...