Engineering Handbook

785.392.3017
FAX

785.392.2845

Box 232, Exit 49 G.L. Huyett Expy Minneapolis, KS 67467

ENGINEERING HANDBOOK
TECHNICAL INFORMATION

STEELMAKING
METALS & ALLOYS
CHEMICAL CONTENT
HEAT TREATMENT
TESTING THE HARDNESS OF METALS
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF METAL
MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
COATING, PLATING & THE COLORING OF METALS
CONVERSION CHARTS
Basic descriptions of making carbon,alloy, stainless, and tool steel p. 4.

Carbon grades, types, and numbering systems; glossary p. 13.

Identification factors and composition standards p. 27.

Quenching, hardening, and other thermal modifications p. 30.

Types and comparisons; glossary p. 34.

Comparisons of ductility, stresses; glossary p.41.

G.L. Huyett’s distinct capabilities; glossary p. 53.

Imperial and metric p.84.

1

Finishes p. 81.

This document and the
information
contained herein is not
a design standard,
design guide or
otherwise, but is here
solely for the
convenience of our
customers. For more
design assistance
contact our plant or
consult the Machinery
Handbook, published
by Industrial Press Inc.,
New York.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction

3

Steelmaking

4Metals and Alloys

13

Designations for Chemical Content

27

Designations for Heat Treatment

30

Testing the Hardness of Metals

34

Mechanical Properties of Metal

41

Manufacturing Processes

53

Manufacturing Glossary

57

Conversion Coating, Plating, and the Coloring of Metals

81

Conversion Charts

84

Links and Related Sites

89

Index

90

Box 232• Exit 49 G.L. Huyett Expressway • Minneapolis, Kansas 67467
785-392-3017 • Fax 785-392-2845 • sales@huyett.com • www.huyett.com

INTRODUCTION & ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This document was created based on research and experience of Huyett staff.
Invaluable technical information, including statistical data contained in the tables, is from the 26th
Edition Machinery Handbook, copyrighted and publishedin 2000 by Industrial Press, Inc. of New York,
NY.
Steel making information and flowcharts were produced with information from the website of The
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) 1140 Connecticut Ave., NW, Suite 705 Washington, D.C. 20036.
Many technical definitions are from “Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Steel. . . A
Glossary of Terms and Concepts,” Summer 1998 Courtesyof Michelle Applebaum, Managing Director.
Copyright 2000, Salomon Smith Barney Inc.
Other glossary definitions are taken from “Cutting Tool Engineering” (ISSN:0011-4189) Copyright by
CTE Publications Inc. 107 W. Van Buren, Ste. 204, Chicago, IL 60605.
Information regarding differences of steel grades and their properties came from the McMaster-Carr
Supply Company website at www.mcmaster.com,copyright 2003 by the McMaster-Carr Supply
Company.
Much basic and helpful information about steel properties and usage came from Metallurgy FAQ v
1.0 Copyright 1999 Drake H. Damerau, All rights reserved, at Survivalist Books.
This document is provided to customers, vendors, and associates of G.L. Huyett for technical information
relating to the manufacture and sale of non-threaded industrialfasteners. As such, this document is
not a design standard, design guide, or otherwise. G.L. Huyett in not engaged in part and product
design, because of the unknown uses of parts made or distributed by the company. Designs must be
produced and tested by our customers for individual and commercial use.
As such, Huyett assumes no liability of any kind, implied or expressed, for the accuracy,scope, and
completion of the information herein.

STEELMAKING
Steel is the generic term for a large family of iron–carbon alloys, which are malleable, within some
temperature range, immediately after solidification from the molten state. The principal raw
materials used in steelmaking are iron ore, coal, and limestone. These materials are converted in a
blast furnace into a product known...