English

ENGLISH

• Personal pronouns; they refers to the first, second and third person in the discourse.



I
You singular
He/she / it
Remember:
We
You plural
They


Examples:
I get up at 7 o´clock every day.
(Pron.) (verb)

Juan is a student.
(Pron.) (V)

Georgina and Paul are twenty years old.
(Pron.: they) (V)

We are friends.(Pron.) (V)

My parents are Tina and Raul.
(Pron.: they) (V)

• Possessive adjectives; must be followed by a noun.
My
Your Remember:
His
Her
Its
Our
Their

Examples:
My house is big.
(Pos. Adj) (Noun)

Their books are very interesting.
(Pos. Adj) (Noun)

Her name ´s Patricia.
(Pos. Adj) (Noun)

Ourteachers live in Neuquen.
(pos. Adj) (Noun)
• Indefinite article; before singular nouns
a/an: one thing or person
a: before consonant (Alice works in a bank)
an: before vowel (do you want an apple or a banana?)


an hour (h is not pronounced in ((h)our))
but….a university (pronounced yuniversity)
a European country (pronounced yuropean)
I´m going to buya hat and an umbrella.


_We use a/an when we say what a thing or person is:
The sun is a star.
Football is a game.
Dallas is a city in Texas.
A mouse is an animal. It’s a small animal.
Joe is a very nice person.


_ We use a/an for jobs…











• Nouns;
_common; they refer to objects, persons, places(computer-studen-apple)
_proper; theyreferto specific persons, places and institutions (Mary-England-Cambridge University)
_abstract; they refer to states, situations (happiness, beauty, childhood)


Classification:
_according to their form: endings of nouns: -ion; - ness; - hood; - ance
Education – happiness – childhood – performance


_according to ther distribution: they may be preceded by Determiners(the, that), Quantifiers (some, three), or adjectives (beautiful, short)
(Pueden ser precedidos por otras clases de palabras como determinantes o articulos, cuantificadores o adjetivos.)


Most noun share the property of having a plural form ending in the suffix –s.
(la mayoria de los sustantivos tienen la propiedad de que su plural termine con el sufijo -s)
Boy – boys ; table –tables ; book – books
Baby – babies; city – cities; contry – countries
Knife –knives; wife – wives; leaf – leaves


There is a group of nouns which do not take –s to form the plural. There is a change in the form of the word. These are called irregular nouns:
Mouse – mice, child – children, tooth – teeth, louse – lice, man – men


Some nouns are invariable; the same form isused for the singular and for the plural:
Sheep, fish.


Singular and plural: study these rules!!!!















• These things are plural in English:
[pic]
Do you wear glasses?
Where are the scissors?

• You can also say: a pair of scissors, a pair of trousers, a pair of pyjamas

People is plural (=they), so we say people are/ people have, etc.
A lot ofpeople speak English. (not speaks)

Countable / uncountable nouns
A noun can be countable or uncountable

Countable nouns:
(a) car (a) man (a) key (an)idea (an)accident
• You can use one/two/ three (etc.) + countable nouns you can count them!
One car two cars three men four houses

• Countable nouns can be singular (=one) or plural (=two ormore):
Singular: a car my car the car
Plural: cars two cars the car some cars many cars
I’ve got a car.
There aren’t many cars in the park.
New cars are expensive.

• You cannot use the singular (car/house/key, etc.) alone. You have to use a/an
We can´t get in without a key.

Uncountable nouns:
For example: water...