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Rotation: A circular movement of an object around a center.

Revolution: when an object turns about an external axis

Axis: a line about which a rotating body turns

linear speed: the time rate of change of position of a body in a particular direction.

Tangential speed: the speed of an object moving along a circular path

rotational speed: revolutions per unit of time

centripetalforce: force which keeps a body moving with a uniform speed along a circular path and is directed to the center.

centrifugal force: outward force away from the center of rotation – fictitious

law of universal gravitation: Newton states that every object in a universe is attracted to each other with equal forces.

universal gravitational constant: universal physical constant involved in thecalculation of gravitational force between two bodies.

inverse- square law: specified physical quantity or strength is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source of that quantity.

gravitational field: gravitational force felt by a tiny unit mass.

Weightlessness: when a body is in free fall.

spring tide: A tide when the moon is either full moon or new moon andthe
tide is exceptionally high or low.

neap tide: A tide that occurs when the difference between high and low tide is the least.

black holes: area in space where the gravitational force is so strong that nothing can escape it.

Perturbation: variation in a designed orbit due to influence of external bodies/body.

Geosynchronous satellite: satellite with an orbital period the same as theEarth’s rotation period



axis: the straight line around which rotation takes place.

rotation: the motion when an object turns about an internal axis, meaning the axis is within the body.

revolution: the motion when an object turns about an external axis.

linear speed: the distance traveled per unit of time

tangential speed: the speed of an object when moving along a circularpath.

rotational speed: the number of rotations per unit of time

centripetal force: the force directed to the center causing an object to move in a circular path.

centrifugal force: the outward force of a rotating object or a revolving object.

law of universal gravitation: every object attracts every other object with a force.

universal gravitational constant: the formula to findgravitational force Gm1m2/ r2

inverse- square law: a physical quantity varies inversely as another quantity squared.

gravitational field: an area occupies the space surrounding a massive body. It can be referred as a force field because any mass inside the area experiences the force.

weightlessness: the absence of a support force.

spring tide: happens when the sun, the moon, and the Earthare lined up. This makes the high tide higher and the low tide lower.

neap tide: happens when the moon is halfway between a new moon and a full moon. This makes the high tides are not as high and the low tides are not as low.

black holes: when a star caves in on itself and the atoms that compose the stellar materials also cave in, they create a huge gravitational force that sucks everythingin.

perturbation: the deviation of an orbiting object from its path around a center of force caused by the action of an additional center of force.


period: the time of a back- and- forth swing of the pendulum

simple harmonic motion: the back- and- forth vibratory motion of a swinging pendulum.

sine curve: a pictorial representation of a wave. (the source of all wave is somethingvibrates).

crests: the high points on a wave.

troughs: the low points on a wave.

amplitude: the distance from the midpoint to the crest or trough of the wave.

wavelength: the distance from the top of one crest to the top of the next one.

frequency: the number of vibrations an object makes in a unit of time.

hertz (Hz): the unit of frequency

transverse wave: the motion of the...