Guia Segundo Parcial Historia Tec Csc

Daniela Leonides Alvarado Arias A01192473

FRENCH REVOLUTION
Causes: 1. POLITICAL DECANDENCY Since Louis XIV, France had an absolutist government. o 1715–1774 Reign of Louis XV o 1774–1792 Reign of Louis XVI • Corruption • Ignorant aristocrats in high offices (my friend is going to be in that position • Costly wars with Great Britain (overseas) and Austria and Prussia (Europe) 2. ECONOMICCRISIS • INCONSITEBCE • 1778 TREATY OF ALLIANCE • THE WARS WITH GREAT BRITAIN, AUSTRIA AND PRUSSIA; INCREASED TAXES. • Tradition further held that each estate voted as a bloc, so that only 3 votes would be cast on any issue. Because the 2 “privileged” estates could always form a majority against the commoners, they were assured of retaining their privileges if they stayed together. 4. ENLIGHTENMENTAims of the revolution? ü To give the third estate a right to have a say in the ruling of France and break the absolute power of the monarchy. FRENCH REVOLUTION SPRING 1789-The estates General met in Versailles, Paris. • Dispute over voting • Third Estate: “one man, one vote” NATIONAL CONSTITUEN ASSEMBLY • The members of the NCA wanted to preserve the monarchy. They only wanted a moderateconstitution – What about the rest of the people (the mob)?

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The members of the NCA were forced to listen to the demands of poor – Declaration of the Rights of Men and Citizen – Civil Constitution of the Clergy Advocate
 of
 a
 republican
  democracy
 

JACOBIN TERROR Leader: Maximilien Robespierre (1758-1794) Purpose: wanted took over the Legislative Assembly What make the Jacobininvation even better?¿ Counterrevolutionary war. European monarchies, led by Austria and Prussia, wanted to restore Louis XVI to power + Louis XVI and Marie Anttoinette attempt to flee the country D. Marat: Marat se convirtió en político para ayudar a la revolución francesa. Era el editor del periódico L’Ami de Peuble (el amigo del pueblo, de la gente). Marat es recordado ya que tenía influenciaradical para los cambios de la aristocracia.Él era líder de la revolución francesa de 1789. Jacobin terror: • • • That at all men were legally, socially, and politically equal—Egalité That at they were free in mind and body—Liberté That at they were, or should be, brothers—Fraternité

Did the revolution reach its goal? Which goals reach and which were not? No, after Napoleon, the monarchy wasactually restored, altough it was a constitutional monarchy that France had known before the revolution. DIRECTORY • New executive • 5 directors PROBLEMS ______________________________________ 5 directors struggled for power Economic situation of the urban classes was aggravated Ongoing war created inflation Nobody was satisfied with the relationship between the State and the Church

NAPOLEONBONAPARTE Consulate: 1799-1804 Empire:1804-1814

Altough some see him as a man of genius and the founder of a progressive, stable social order, others see him as a dictator whose visions for society were always subordinate to his concern for his own welfare and glory.

Consulate • Coup d’État of 18th Brumaire. – The Directory was not able to provide stability & solve all economic problems. •Consulate was composed of three consuls (of which Napoleon was named First Consul) • Napoleonic Settlement Empire • In 1804, Napoleon crowned himself monarch of France. He became Napoleon I of France. • Between 1796 and 1809, Napoleon led one victorious campaign after another. – French armies conquered Spain (Pepe Botella), Portugal, the Italian Peninsula, Austria, Prussia, and Holland. • Theseterritories were incorporated to the French territory or remained as satellites. • England and France were in conflict between 1793–1814. • Napoleon could never invaded England – Battle of Trafalgar (1805) • France’s relation with Russia was also edgy – Campaign of 1812 (preemtive war). – La Grande Armée was in crisis. End? • Battle of the Nations at Leipzig in 1813 ended in French defeat at the hands...