Ingeniero
Páginas: 98 (24279 palabras)
Publicado: 21 de noviembre de 2012
UNIX TOOLBOX
This document is a collection of Unix/Linux/BSD commands and tasks which are useful for IT work or for advanced users. This is a practical guide with concise explanations, however the reader is supposed to know what s/he is doing.
1. System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3. File System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 4. Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5. SSH SCP 7. RSYNC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6. VPN with SSH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8. SUDO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9. Encrypt Files 10. Encrypt Partitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11. SSL Certificates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12. CVS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13. SVN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14. Useful Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15. Install Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.Convert Media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17. Printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18. Databases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19. Disk Quota 21. Scripting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20. Shells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22. Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23. Online Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 22 26 27 29 29 31 33 35 38 39 44 45 47 47 49 50 52 54 56
Unix Toolbox revision14.3 The latest version of this document can be found at http://cb.vu/unixtoolbox.xhtml. Replace .xhtml on the link with .pdf for the PDF version and with .book.pdf for the booklet version. On a duplex printer the booklet will create a small book ready to bind. See also the about page. Error reports and comments are most welcome - c@cb.vu Colin Barschel.
— System —
1 SYSTEM
Hardware (p2) |Statistics (p2) | Users (p3) | Limits (p3) | Runlevels (p4) | root password (p5) | Compile kernel (p6) | Repair grub (p7) Running kernel and system information
# # # # uname -a lsb_release -a cat /etc/SuSE-release cat /etc/debian_version # # # # Get the kernel version (and BSD version) Full release info of any LSB distribution Get SuSE version Get Debian version
Use /etc/DISTR-release withDISTR= lsb (Ubuntu), redhat, gentoo, mandrake, sun (Solaris), and so on. See also /etc/issue.
# # # # # uptime hostname hostname -i man hier last reboot # # # # # Show how long the system has been running + load system's host name Display the IP address of the host. (Linux only) Description of the file system hierarchy Show system reboot history
1.1 H a r d w a re I n fo rm a t io ns
Kerneldetected hardware
# dmesg # Detected hardware and boot messages # lsdev # information about installed hardware # dd if=/dev/mem bs=1k skip=768 count=256 2>/dev/null | strings -n 8 # Read BIOS
Linux
# # # # # # # # # # cat /proc/cpuinfo cat /proc/meminfo grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo watch -n1 'cat /proc/interrupts' free -m cat /proc/devices lspci -tv lsusb -tv lshal dmidecode # # # # # # # # # #...
This document is a collection of Unix/Linux/BSD commands and tasks which are useful for IT work or for advanced users. This is a practical guide with concise explanations, however the reader is supposed to know what s/he is doing.
1. System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3. File System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 4. Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5. SSH SCP 7. RSYNC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6. VPN with SSH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8. SUDO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9. Encrypt Files 10. Encrypt Partitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11. SSL Certificates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12. CVS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13. SVN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14. Useful Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15. Install Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.Convert Media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17. Printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18. Databases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19. Disk Quota 21. Scripting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20. Shells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22. Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23. Online Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 22 26 27 29 29 31 33 35 38 39 44 45 47 47 49 50 52 54 56
Unix Toolbox revision14.3 The latest version of this document can be found at http://cb.vu/unixtoolbox.xhtml. Replace .xhtml on the link with .pdf for the PDF version and with .book.pdf for the booklet version. On a duplex printer the booklet will create a small book ready to bind. See also the about page. Error reports and comments are most welcome - c@cb.vu Colin Barschel.
— System —
1 SYSTEM
Hardware (p2) |Statistics (p2) | Users (p3) | Limits (p3) | Runlevels (p4) | root password (p5) | Compile kernel (p6) | Repair grub (p7) Running kernel and system information
# # # # uname -a lsb_release -a cat /etc/SuSE-release cat /etc/debian_version # # # # Get the kernel version (and BSD version) Full release info of any LSB distribution Get SuSE version Get Debian version
Use /etc/DISTR-release withDISTR= lsb (Ubuntu), redhat, gentoo, mandrake, sun (Solaris), and so on. See also /etc/issue.
# # # # # uptime hostname hostname -i man hier last reboot # # # # # Show how long the system has been running + load system's host name Display the IP address of the host. (Linux only) Description of the file system hierarchy Show system reboot history
1.1 H a r d w a re I n fo rm a t io ns
Kerneldetected hardware
# dmesg # Detected hardware and boot messages # lsdev # information about installed hardware # dd if=/dev/mem bs=1k skip=768 count=256 2>/dev/null | strings -n 8 # Read BIOS
Linux
# # # # # # # # # # cat /proc/cpuinfo cat /proc/meminfo grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo watch -n1 'cat /proc/interrupts' free -m cat /proc/devices lspci -tv lsusb -tv lshal dmidecode # # # # # # # # # #...
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