Journal Of Human Sport An D Exercise

Original Article

Validity, reliability and exploratory factor analysis of the dropout scale in sport centres
ALBERTO NUVIALA NUVIALA 1 , MARÍA ROSARIO TEVA VILLÉN1, ALBERTO GRAO CRUCES1, RAQUEL PÉREZ ORDÁS1, JERÓNIMO GARCÍA FERNÁNDEZ2, ROMÁN NUVIALA NUVIALA1
1Departamento de Deporte, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Spain 2Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte, Universidad de Sevilla,Spain

ABSTRACT Nuviala A, Teva-Villén MR, Grao-Cruces A, Pérez-Ordás R, García-Fernández J, Nuviala R. Validity, reliability and exploratory factor analysis of the dropout scale in sport centres. J. Hum. Sport Exerc. Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 275-286, 2012. Sport dropout is a complex problem, in which multiple reasons influence. One lacks an instrument of easy application for the sport centres, whichthere contributes relevant information about dropout motives, at the time that it expires with the properties that any measurement’s instrument must assemble. The aims of this work were to design, to validate and to verify the reliability of a useful instrument as way of evaluation of the motives of the dropout of the organized physical activity that provide the different sport centres. So, aninventory was made, a statistical analysis of the items was also made, so as an exploratory factor analysis and his validation and his reliability were analyzed. In conclusion, it can be stated that we have a valid and reliable tool to study the phenomenon of dropout in sport centres, which depends on five factors: leisure, enjoyment, satisfaction, practice and economic. The tool has 22 items in total,which makes its application easy. Key words: SPORT SERVICES, SPORT ORGANIZATIONS, DROPOUT MOTIVES, ABANDONMENT, QUESTIONNAIRE.

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Corresponding author. Facultad del Deporte. Universidad Pablo de Olavide. Carretera de Utrera km 1. 41013 - Sevilla. Spain. Email: anuvnuv@upo.es Phone: +34954977587 Submitted for publication February 2012 Accepted for publication March 2012 JOURNAL OF HUMAN SPORT &EXERCISE ISSN 1988-5202 © Faculty of Education. University of Alicante doi:10.4100/jhse.2012.71.06

VOLUME 7 | ISSUE 1 | 2012 | 275

Nuviala et al / Dropout scale for sport centres

JOURNAL OF HUMAN SPORT & EXERCISE

INTRODUCTION Nowadays, the increase of physical inactivity has turned in one of major public health concerns in industrialized countries (Guthold et al., 2008). This problemhas derived in a progressive deterioration of the population’s health in recent years (Huang et al., 2007). Years in which have continued to proliferate evidences of the relationship between the insufficient physical activity (PA) and different health risks. Cardiovascular diseases (Lavie & Milani, 2011), metabolic syndrome, diabetes type 2 and some types of cancers (Church, 2011) have recentlybeen linked with the lack of PA. Large sums of money have been invested in health policy to promote citizens’ PA (Limstrand & Rehrer, 2008). Variety of programs have been designed and implemented with this goal. However, the high dropout of these exercise programs indicates that promotion plans are not having success (Haase & Kinnafick, 2007). Dropout is the main concern of the physical and sportspractice (Gonçalves et al., 2007). This problem has been approached, mainly, from the application of the motivation’s theoretical models to the field of the PA and sport (Almagro et al., 2010; Cervelló et al., 2007). Motivational orientation does not only has relationship with the onset of PA practice but affects the adherence and the dropout of PA (Deci & Ryan, 2000). Self-determination theory(Deci & Ryan, 1985, 2000) argues that individuals’ perceptions of behaviours are associated with different types of motivation, influenced by social environmental factors. Based on this theory, recent studies have shown that intrinsic motivation (which refers to engaging in an activity for the pleasure of the process) is a key factor to maintain exercise behaviour (Haase & Kinnafick, 2007; Jõesaar...