Ninguno

IMPORTANT PEOPLE:
* ROBERT HOOKE: He discovered cells in 1665 by looking at them through a microscope in a piece of cork and noticed that they looked like little hexagons. It reminded him of monk's bedrooms, or cells. These cells were transparent because the cork was no longer living. He also wrote a very popular book at that time called micrographia. It was about what observations he madewith his microscope.
* LEEUWENHOEK: He was an unlikely scientist. It was he who discovered bacteria, free-living parasitic microscopic protists, sperm cells, blood cells, microscopic nematodes, and much more. He’s known to have made over 500 microscopes, of which fewer than ten have survived.
* SCHWANN & SCHLEIDEN: They were who described the concept of the cell theory in 1839. Thecell theory or cell doctrine, states that all organisms are composed of similar units organizations called cells.
ORGANOGELLS & FUNCTIONS:
* MEMBRANE: it surrounds the outside of both Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells. It is made up of a double layer of phospholipids and controls the movement of various substances into and out of the cell, both passively and actively. It also allows cellidentification.
* CHLOROPLAST: is an organelle found in some plants cells and certain unicellular organisms. They’re only in plant cells; they use photosynthesis to make ATP which is energy for the cell.
* RIBOSOME: Are particles made of ribosomal RNA and protein the organelles that carry out the protein synthesis. There are free ribosomes and bound ribosomes. They build proteins in twocytoplasmic locales.
* GOLGI APPARATUS: Consists of stakes of flattened sacs or cisternae, which unlike ER cisternae, are not physically connected. Receives and dispatches transport vesicles and the products they contain.
* MITOCHONDRIA: Mitochondria are organelles found inside most eukaryotic cells. They generate the energy that the cell needs, so they are sometimes compared to power plants.* LYSOSOME: Lysosomes are membrane-enclosed organelles that contain an array of enzymes capable of breaking down all types of biological polymers.
* SMOOTH AND ROUGH ER: The smooth endoplasmic reticulum packages proteins for transport, synthesizes membrane phospholipids, and releases calcium. The functions of Rough ER are providing an internal structural skeleton to support the cell'sshape, as storage of the synthesized materials and minerals, forming an internal network through which materials can be transported.
* CENTRAL VACUOLE: Vacuoles are membrane-bounded compartments within some eukaryotic cells that can serve a variety of secretory, excretory, and storage functions.
* FLAGELLUM/CILIA: It’s a lash-like appendage that protrudes from the cell body of certainprokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
CHARACTERISTICS OF PROKARYOTIC AND EUKARYOTIC CELLS:
CELLS | PROKARYOTIC | EUKARYOTIC |
ORGANISMS IN WHICH THEY LIVE | BACTERIA | ANIMAL AND PLANTS |
DEFINITION | A SINGLE CALLED ORGANISM THAT DOES NOT HAVE NUCLEUS | A MORE COMPLEX CELL WITH A NUCLEUS AND MANY ORGANOGELLS |
CHARACTERISTICS | THEY DON’T HAVE NUCLEUS, AND THEIR GENETIC MATERIAL IS NOT STORED IN THENUCLEUS. THEY HAVE SOME ORGANOGELLS, BUT NO MANY. THEY’RE LESS COMPLICATED TAN EUKARYOTES. ALL BACTERIAS ARE PROKARYOTES. | THEY ALL HAVE A NUCLEUS WHERE THE GENETIC MATERIAL OF CELLS IS STORED. THEY HAVE MANY ORGANOGELLS THAT WORK TOGETHER TO HELP THE CELL FUNCTION. |
DIFFERENCE | IT DOESN’T HAVE A NUCLEUS | IT HAS A NUCLEUS |

PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS DIFFERENCES:
ORGANOGELLS | ANIMAL |PLANTS |
CELL WALL | THHEY DON’T HAVE CELL WALLS SINCE THEY HAVE OTHER KIND OF SUPPORTS. | THEY NEED CELLS WALLS WHICH ARE THICK SECTIONS PRESENT OUTSIDE THE CELLS THAT HELPS THE PLANT TO MNTAIN ITS SHAPE. |
CENTROSOME | REGIONS WHERE THE CELLS MICROTUBULES ARE INITIATED; IN AN ANIMAL CELL CONTAINS A PAIR OF CENTRIOLES | REGIONS WHERE THE CELLS MICROTUBULES ARE INITIATED; LACK CETRIOLES IN PLANT...