Nomenclaturas De Plantas

PLANT NOMENCLATURE

Nomenclature is the assignment of names utilizing a formal sistem. The criteria for formally naming organisms “traditionally treated as plants” are base on the rules andrecomendations of the international code of botanical nomenclature or ICBN. Botanical names serve as symbols of a group of natural entities for the purpose of communication and data reference. The ICBN dealswith the names of extant or extinct (fossil) organisms encompassed by the field of botany. These include not only the land plants, but also the “blue, green algae (cyanobactery); fungi, includingchytrids, oomycetes, and slime moulds; photosynthetic protists and taxonomically related nonphotosynthetic groups.” As discussed in Chapter 1, it is now know that many of these groups are not closelyrelated phylogenetically Yet, the ICBN deal with these taxa, as they were historically treated as plants.
Separate nomenclatural clodes exists for traditional zoology and for prokaryotes. Onedifficulty with this is that photosynthetic bactera are named both under the ICBN and under the Bacteria code. Similay, some of the so-called protists (itself a pararhyletic assemblage) are named both underthe ICBN and the Zoological code. Thus, some organisms have two names, from two different nomenclatural codes. A draft of a future universal code covering all forms of life, termed the Biocode, hasbeen prepared, but has not progressed. A separate code using a phylogenetic definition, terned the phylocode has also been proposed, recently for the naming of “higher” land plant taxa.
The ICBN governsthe rules both for the names assigned to taxa and for the name endings that denote taxón rank. The ICBN is utilized in two basic activities: (1) naming new taxa, which were previously unnamed andoften not described; and (2) determing the correct name for previously named taxa, which may have been divided, united, transferred, or changed in Rank. The rules of the ICBN can be somewath complex,...