Perpetual peace

1.“No Treaty of Peace Shall Be Held Valid in Which There is Tacitly Reserved Matter for a Future War”
“Suspension of hostilities but not peace”
“The causes for making future wars (which areperhaps unknown to the contracting parties) are without exception annihilated by the treaty of peace”
2. “No independent States, Large or Small, Shall Come under the Dominion of Another State byInheritance, Exchange or Donation”
A state “is a society of men whom no one else has any right to command or to dispose except the sate itself.
3. “Standing armies (miles perpetuus) shall in Time Be totallyabolished”
“The cost of the peace finally becomes more oppressive than that of a short war and consequently a standing army is itself a cause of offensive war waged in order to relieve the state ofthis burden”
“The periodic and voluntary military exercises of citizens who thereby secure themselves against foreign aggression are entirely different”
“The accumulation of treasure would have thesame effect, for, of the three powers the power of armies, of alliances, and of money, the third is perhaps the most dependable weapon…Such accumulation of treasure is regarded by other sates as athreat of war, and if it were not for the difficulties in learning the amount, it would force the other state to make an early attack.
4. “National Debts shall not be contracted with a view to theexternal friction of states”
As an opposing machine in the antagonism of powers, a credit system which grows beyond sight and which is yet a safe debt for the present requirements constitutes a dangerousmoney power.
“This facility in making war, together with the inclination to do so on the part of rulers is thus a great hindrance to perpetual peace”
“It must eventually entangle many innocent staesin the inevitable bankruptcy and openly harm them”

5.”No State Shall by Force Interfere with the Constitution or Government of Another State”

6.”No State Shall during War, Permit such acts of...